format-version: 1.0 date: 25:04:2007 19:30 saved-by: gocvs auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit subsetdef: goslim_generic "Generic GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_goa "GOA and proteome slim" subsetdef: goslim_plant "Plant GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_yeast "Yeast GO slim" subsetdef: gosubset_prok "Prokaryotic GO subset" default-namespace: gene_ontology remark: geneontology.org version: Revision: 4.231 [Term] id: GO:0000001 name: mitochondrion inheritance namespace: biological_process def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" [] is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution [Term] id: GO:0000002 name: mitochondrial genome maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000003 name: reproduction namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0019952 alt_id: GO:0050876 def: "The production by an organism of new individuals that contain some portion of their genetic material inherited from that organism." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "reproductive physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0000005 name: ribosomal chaperone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Assists in the correct assembly of ribosomes or ribosomal subunits in vivo, but is not a component of the assembled ribosome when performing its normal biological function." [GOC:jl, PMID:12150913] comment: This term was made obsolete because it refers to a class of gene products and a biological process rather than a molecular function. To update annotations, consider biological_process term 'ribosome biogenesis and assembly ; GO:0042254' or its children and molecular_function term 'unfolded protein binding ; GO:0051082'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000006 name: high affinity zinc uptake transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: Zn2+(out) = Zn2+(in), probably powered by proton motive force." [TC:2.A.5.1.1] xref_analog: TC:2.A.5.1.1 is_a: GO:0005385 ! zinc ion transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000007 name: low-affinity zinc ion transporter activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005385 ! zinc ion transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000008 name: thioredoxin namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0000013 def: "OBSOLETE. A small disulfide-containing redox protein that serves as a general protein disulfide oxidoreductase. Interacts with a broad range of proteins by a redox mechanism, based on the reversible oxidation of 2 cysteine thiol groups to a disulfide, accompanied by the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons. The net result is the covalent interconversion of a disulfide and a dithiol." [GOC:kd] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents gene products. To update annotations, consider molecular_function term 'thiol-disulfide exchange intermediate activity ; GO:0030508'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000009 name: alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue from GDP-mannose to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-1,6-linkage." [GOC:mcc, PMID:2644248] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.- is_a: GO:0000030 ! mannosyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000010 name: trans-hexaprenyltranstransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.30] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.5.1.30 xref_analog: MetaCyc:TRANS-HEXAPRENYLTRANSTRANSFERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016765 ! transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups [Term] id: GO:0000011 name: vacuole inheritance namespace: biological_process def: "The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:14616069] is_a: GO:0007033 ! vacuole organization and biogenesis is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance [Term] id: GO:0000012 name: single strand break repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair." [http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/D/DNArepair.html] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000014 name: single-stranded DNA specific endodeoxyribonuclease activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004520 ! endodeoxyribonuclease activity [Term] id: GO:0000015 name: phosphopyruvate hydratase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "enolase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0000016 name: lactase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: lactose + H2O = D-glucose + D-galactose." [EC:3.2.1.108] xref_analog: EC:3.2.1.108 xref_analog: MetaCyc:LACTASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:20536 is_a: GO:0004553 ! hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds [Term] id: GO:0000017 name: alpha-glucoside transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of alpha-glucosides into, out of, within or between cells. Alpha-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar moiety is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in an alpha configuration." [GOC:jl, http://www.biochem.purdue.edu/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0042946 ! glucoside transport [Term] id: GO:0000018 name: regulation of DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination, the processes by which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000019 name: regulation of mitotic recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination during mitosis." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "regulation of recombination within rDNA repeats" [] is_a: GO:0000018 ! regulation of DNA recombination relationship: part_of GO:0006312 ! mitotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000020 name: negative regulation of recombination within rDNA repeats namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of genetic recombination within the DNA of the genes coding for ribosomal RNA." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: This term was made obsolete because it describes a substrate-specific process. To update annotations, consider biological_process term 'negative regulation of mitotic recombination ; GO:0045950'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000022 name: mitotic spindle elongation namespace: biological_process def: "Lengthening of the distance between poles of the mitotic spindle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "spindle elongation during mitosis" [] is_a: GO:0051231 ! spindle elongation relationship: part_of GO:0007052 ! mitotic spindle organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000023 name: maltose metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose), an intermediate in the catabolism of glycogen and starch." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "malt sugar metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "malt sugar metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "maltose metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0005984 ! disaccharide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000024 name: maltose biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "malt sugar biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "malt sugar biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "maltose anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "maltose biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "maltose formation" [] exact_synonym: "maltose synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0000023 ! maltose metabolic process is_a: GO:0046351 ! disaccharide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000025 name: maltose catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "malt sugar catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "malt sugar catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "maltose breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "maltose degradation" [] narrow_synonym: "maltose hydrolysis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:MALTOSECAT-PWY is_a: GO:0000023 ! maltose metabolic process is_a: GO:0046352 ! disaccharide catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000026 name: alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue from GDP-mannose to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-1,2-linkage." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10521541] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.- is_a: GO:0000030 ! mannosyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000027 name: ribosomal large subunit assembly and maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance and assembly of the large ribosomal subunit from its constituent parts." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042257 ! ribosomal subunit assembly relationship: part_of GO:0042273 ! ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly [Term] id: GO:0000028 name: ribosomal small subunit assembly and maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance and assembly of the small ribosomal subunit from its constituent parts." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042257 ! ribosomal subunit assembly relationship: part_of GO:0042274 ! ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly [Term] id: GO:0000030 name: mannosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a mannosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:7672 is_a: GO:0016758 ! transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0000031 name: mannosylphosphate transferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an mannosylphosphate group from one compound to another." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000032 name: cell wall mannoprotein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall mannoproteins, any cell wall protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell wall mannoprotein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall mannoprotein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall mannoprotein formation" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall mannoprotein synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006057 ! mannoprotein biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031506 ! cell wall glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000033 name: alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue from GDP-mannose to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-1,3-linkage." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10521541] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.- is_a: GO:0000030 ! mannosyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000034 name: adenine deaminase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: adenine + H2O = hypoxanthine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.2] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.5.4.2 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ADENINE-DEAMINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016814 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines is_a: GO:0019239 ! deaminase activity [Term] id: GO:0000035 name: acyl binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "acyl-CoA or acyl binding" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0000036 name: acyl carrier activity namespace: molecular_function subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005386 ! carrier activity [Term] id: GO:0000038 name: very-long-chain fatty acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids with a chain length of C18 or greater." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "very-long-chain fatty acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000039 name: plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transporter namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because it describes a gene product and it contains component information. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'plasma membrane ; GO:0005886' or its children and molecular_function term 'long-chain fatty acid transporter activity ; GO:0005324' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000040 name: low affinity iron ion transport namespace: biological_process is_a: GO:0006826 ! iron ion transport [Term] id: GO:0000041 name: transition metal ion transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of transition metal ions into, out of, within or between cells. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transition metal transport" [] is_a: GO:0030001 ! metal ion transport [Term] id: GO:0000042 name: protein targeting to Golgi namespace: biological_process def: "The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "protein-Golgi targeting" [] is_a: GO:0000301 ! retrograde transport, vesicle recycling within Golgi is_a: GO:0006605 ! protein targeting [Term] id: GO:0000044 name: ascorbate stabilization namespace: biological_process def: "The reduction of the ascorbate free radical to a stable form." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "vitamin C stabilization" [] is_a: GO:0006118 ! electron transport [Term] id: GO:0000045 name: autophagic vacuole formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a double membrane-bound structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm." [PMID:9412464] exact_synonym: "autophagosome biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "autophagosome formation" [] is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization and biogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0016236 ! macroautophagy [Term] id: GO:0000046 name: autophagic vacuole fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The fusion of an autophagic vacuole with a vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects). In the case of yeast, inner membrane-bound structures (autophagic bodies) appear in the vacuole." [PMID:11099404] narrow_synonym: "fusion of autophagosome with lysosome" [] is_a: GO:0048284 ! organelle fusion relationship: part_of GO:0016236 ! macroautophagy [Term] id: GO:0000047 name: Rieske iron-sulfur protein namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, consider molecular_function term 'electron carrier activity ; GO:0009055' or its children. exact_synonym: "Rieske iron-sulphur protein" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000048 name: peptidyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-tRNA(1) + aminoacyl-tRNA(2) = tRNA(1) + peptidylaminoacyl-tRNA(2)." [EC:2.3.2.12, PMID:11433365, PMID:9242921] xref_analog: EC:2.3.2.12 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:20610 is_a: GO:0016755 ! transferase activity, transferring amino-acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0000049 name: tRNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with transfer RNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003723 ! RNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000050 name: urea cycle namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0006594 alt_id: GO:0006871 def: "A cyclic metabolic pathway that converts waste nitrogen in the form of ammonium to urea." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "ornithine cycle" [] exact_synonym: "urea biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "urea biosynthetic process" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211547 xref_analog: Reactome:221324 xref_analog: Reactome:229964 xref_analog: Reactome:237981 xref_analog: Reactome:244600 xref_analog: Reactome:249543 xref_analog: Reactome:252354 xref_analog: Reactome:255509 xref_analog: Reactome:258881 xref_analog: Reactome:262258 xref_analog: Reactome:265108 xref_analog: Reactome:268232 xref_analog: Reactome:273914 xref_analog: Reactome:280393 xref_analog: Reactome:282778 xref_analog: Reactome:286409 xref_analog: Reactome:288203 xref_analog: Reactome:289764 xref_analog: Reactome:290323 xref_analog: Reactome:291648 xref_analog: Reactome:292335 xref_analog: Reactome:293622 xref_analog: Reactome:70635 is_a: GO:0019627 ! urea metabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000051 name: urea cycle intermediate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the intermediate compounds involved in the urea cycle, a cyclic metabolic pathway that converts waste nitrogen in the form of ammonium to urea." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "urea cycle intermediate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000052 name: citrulline metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "citrulline metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0000051 ! urea cycle intermediate metabolic process is_a: GO:0019794 ! nonprotein amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000053 name: argininosuccinate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving argininosuccinate, 2-(Nw-arginino)succinate, an intermediate in the ornithine-urea cycle, where it is synthesized from citrulline and aspartate." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "argininosuccinate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0000051 ! urea cycle intermediate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000054 name: ribosome export from nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a ribosome from the nucleus into the cytoplasm." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "ribosome export out of nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "ribosome transport from nucleus to cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "ribosome-nucleus export" [] is_a: GO:0051168 ! nuclear export relationship: part_of GO:0006611 ! protein export from nucleus relationship: part_of GO:0042254 ! ribosome biogenesis and assembly [Term] id: GO:0000055 name: ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0000057 def: "The directed movement of a ribosomal large subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ribosomal large subunit export out of nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "ribosomal large subunit transport from nucleus to cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "ribosomal large subunit-nucleus export" [] is_a: GO:0000054 ! ribosome export from nucleus [Term] id: GO:0000056 name: ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0000058 def: "The directed movement of a ribosomal small subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ribosomal small subunit export out of nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "ribosomal small subunit transport from nucleus to cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "ribosomal small subunit-nucleus export" [] is_a: GO:0000054 ! ribosome export from nucleus [Term] id: GO:0000059 name: protein import into nucleus, docking namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation and bonding together of the nuclear localization signal of a protein with nuclear envelope proteins such as importins." [GOC:isa_complete, PMID:7878057] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus, docking" [] exact_synonym: "protein-nucleus import, docking" [] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006606 ! protein import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0000060 name: protein import into nucleus, translocation namespace: biological_process def: "The vectorial transfer of a protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus, translocation" [] exact_synonym: "protein-nucleus import, translocation" [] is_a: GO:0065002 ! intracellular protein transport across a membrane relationship: part_of GO:0006606 ! protein import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0000061 name: protein import into nucleus, substrate release namespace: biological_process def: "The disaggregation of a protein complex composed of the nuclear localization sequence and the importin alpha, and importin beta proteins." [PMID:9687515] exact_synonym: "protein substrate release during protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein substrate release during protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein substrate release during protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus, substrate release" [] exact_synonym: "protein-nucleus import, substrate release" [] is_a: GO:0043624 ! cellular protein complex disassembly relationship: part_of GO:0006606 ! protein import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0000062 name: acyl-CoA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "acyl-CoA or acyl binding" [] is_a: GO:0005504 ! fatty acid binding is_a: GO:0050662 ! coenzyme binding [Term] id: GO:0000064 name: L-ornithine transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of L-ornithine, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "histidine/arginine/lysine/ornithine porter activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:20635 is_a: GO:0015179 ! L-amino acid transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000066 name: mitochondrial ornithine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of ornithine, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, into, out of or within a mitochondrion." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0006839 ! mitochondrial transport is_a: GO:0015822 ! ornithine transport [Term] id: GO:0000067 name: DNA replication and chromosome cycle namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because it has been superseded by more accurate terms to represent the biological processes occurring, and it is not clear that this term represents a useful concept. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'chromosome organization and biogenesis ; GO:0051276' or its children, 'chromosome segregation ; GO:0007059' or its children, and 'DNA replication ; GO:0006260' or its children. subset: gosubset_prok is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000070 name: mitotic sister chromatid segregation namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0016359 def: "The cell cycle process whereby replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "mitotic chromosome segregation" [] narrow_synonym: "mitotic sister-chromatid adhesion release" [] is_a: GO:0000819 ! sister chromatid segregation is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000072 name: M phase specific microtubule process namespace: biological_process def: "A microtubule-based process that occurs only during M phase of the cell cycle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "M-phase specific microtubule process" [] is_a: GO:0007017 ! microtubule-based process relationship: part_of GO:0000279 ! M phase [Term] id: GO:0000073 name: spindle pole body separation namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0030475 def: "A largely uncharacterized process involving the release of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane. Duplicated SPBs are connected by a bridge structure that may be severed in order to release the SPBs from one another. Following liberation, SPBs diffuse through the nuclear membrane until they are across from each other. SPB separation must take place in order for a bipolar mitotic spindle to assemble." [GOC:sgd_curators] exact_synonym: "spindle pole body separation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "spindle pole body separation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0051300 ! spindle pole body organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000074 name: regulation of progression through cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell cycle regulator" [] related_synonym: "RHEB small monomeric GTPase activity" [] related_synonym: "tumor suppressor" [] exact_synonym: "control of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "modulation of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell cycle progression" [] xref_analog: Reactome:156678 xref_analog: Reactome:156699 xref_analog: Reactome:156711 xref_analog: Reactome:162657 xref_analog: Reactome:204139 xref_analog: Reactome:209045 xref_analog: Reactome:209050 xref_analog: Reactome:211608 xref_analog: Reactome:213123 xref_analog: Reactome:218715 xref_analog: Reactome:218726 xref_analog: Reactome:221382 xref_analog: Reactome:222877 xref_analog: Reactome:227596 xref_analog: Reactome:230018 xref_analog: Reactome:235842 xref_analog: Reactome:235853 xref_analog: Reactome:238231 xref_analog: Reactome:239383 xref_analog: Reactome:243028 xref_analog: Reactome:243033 xref_analog: Reactome:244651 xref_analog: Reactome:245640 xref_analog: Reactome:248176 xref_analog: Reactome:248181 xref_analog: Reactome:249585 xref_analog: Reactome:250281 xref_analog: Reactome:251600 xref_analog: Reactome:252387 xref_analog: Reactome:253031 xref_analog: Reactome:254679 xref_analog: Reactome:255542 xref_analog: Reactome:256281 xref_analog: Reactome:257921 xref_analog: Reactome:258917 xref_analog: Reactome:259656 xref_analog: Reactome:261512 xref_analog: Reactome:262291 xref_analog: Reactome:264389 xref_analog: Reactome:265239 xref_analog: Reactome:267430 xref_analog: Reactome:267435 xref_analog: Reactome:268364 xref_analog: Reactome:280849 xref_analog: Reactome:282764 xref_analog: Reactome:285431 xref_analog: Reactome:285436 xref_analog: Reactome:286566 is_a: GO:0051726 ! regulation of cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000075 name: cell cycle checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A point in the eukaryotic cell cycle where progress through the cycle can be halted until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:212094 xref_analog: Reactome:221853 xref_analog: Reactome:230421 xref_analog: Reactome:238463 xref_analog: Reactome:245004 xref_analog: Reactome:249905 xref_analog: Reactome:252621 xref_analog: Reactome:255806 xref_analog: Reactome:259199 xref_analog: Reactome:262557 xref_analog: Reactome:265381 xref_analog: Reactome:268515 xref_analog: Reactome:274237 xref_analog: Reactome:280705 xref_analog: Reactome:282912 xref_analog: Reactome:286730 xref_analog: Reactome:69620 is_a: GO:0000074 ! regulation of progression through cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000076 name: DNA replication checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A signal transduction based surveillance mechanism that prevents the initiation of mitosis until DNA replication is complete, thereby ensuring that progeny inherit a full complement of the genome." [GOC:rn, PMID:11728327, PMID:12537518] is_a: GO:0031570 ! DNA integrity checkpoint is_a: GO:0032297 ! negative regulation of DNA replication initiation [Term] id: GO:0000077 name: DNA damage checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A signal transduction pathway, induced by DNA damage, that blocks cell cycle progression (in G1, G2 or metaphase) or slows the rate at which S phase proceeds." [PMID:11891124] narrow_synonym: "DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in cell cycle arrest" [] is_a: GO:0031570 ! DNA integrity checkpoint is_a: GO:0042770 ! DNA damage response, signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0000078 name: cell morphogenesis checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle checkpoint observed when aspects of polarity control are defective, which maintains coordination between the process of cellular morphogenesis and the nuclear events of the cell cycle. For example, in budding yeast cell-cycle delay or arrest is induced when aspects of bud formation are defective." [GOC:vw, PMID:14644188] is_a: GO:0000075 ! cell cycle checkpoint relationship: part_of GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000079 name: regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of CDK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000074 ! regulation of progression through cell cycle is_a: GO:0045859 ! regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0000080 name: G1 phase of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through G1 phase, one of two 'gap' phases in the mitotic cell cycle; G1 is the interval between the completion of mitosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:212033 xref_analog: Reactome:221797 xref_analog: Reactome:230372 xref_analog: Reactome:238411 xref_analog: Reactome:69236 is_a: GO:0051318 ! G1 phase relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000082 name: G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:212021 xref_analog: Reactome:221784 xref_analog: Reactome:230362 xref_analog: Reactome:238403 xref_analog: Reactome:244953 xref_analog: Reactome:249850 xref_analog: Reactome:252607 xref_analog: Reactome:255745 xref_analog: Reactome:259140 xref_analog: Reactome:262495 xref_analog: Reactome:265325 xref_analog: Reactome:268498 xref_analog: Reactome:274174 xref_analog: Reactome:280647 xref_analog: Reactome:282899 xref_analog: Reactome:286666 xref_analog: Reactome:288375 xref_analog: Reactome:289876 xref_analog: Reactome:290408 xref_analog: Reactome:291794 xref_analog: Reactome:293774 xref_analog: Reactome:69206 is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000083 name: G1/S-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are transcribed during the G1/S phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:69205 is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000082 ! G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000084 name: S phase of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through S phase, the part of the mitotic cell cycle during which DNA synthesis takes place." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0051320 ! S phase relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000085 name: G2 phase of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through G2 phase, one of two 'gap' phases in the mitotic cell cycle; G2 is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of mitosis." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:211891 xref_analog: Reactome:221655 xref_analog: Reactome:230246 xref_analog: Reactome:238281 xref_analog: Reactome:244852 xref_analog: Reactome:249746 xref_analog: Reactome:268392 xref_analog: Reactome:274099 xref_analog: Reactome:280573 xref_analog: Reactome:68911 is_a: GO:0051319 ! G2 phase relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000086 name: G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:211972 xref_analog: Reactome:221737 xref_analog: Reactome:230316 xref_analog: Reactome:238398 xref_analog: Reactome:244912 xref_analog: Reactome:249804 xref_analog: Reactome:252543 xref_analog: Reactome:255721 xref_analog: Reactome:259114 xref_analog: Reactome:262473 xref_analog: Reactome:265322 xref_analog: Reactome:268466 xref_analog: Reactome:274171 xref_analog: Reactome:280644 xref_analog: Reactome:282855 xref_analog: Reactome:286663 xref_analog: Reactome:69275 is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000087 name: M phase of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through M phase, the part of the mitotic cell cycle during which mitosis and cytokinesis take place." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "M-phase of mitotic cell cycle" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212043 xref_analog: Reactome:221806 xref_analog: Reactome:230379 xref_analog: Reactome:238418 xref_analog: Reactome:244995 xref_analog: Reactome:249877 xref_analog: Reactome:252596 xref_analog: Reactome:255795 xref_analog: Reactome:259176 xref_analog: Reactome:262532 xref_analog: Reactome:265359 xref_analog: Reactome:268488 xref_analog: Reactome:282892 xref_analog: Reactome:286702 xref_analog: Reactome:68886 is_a: GO:0000279 ! M phase relationship: part_of GO:0000278 ! mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000088 name: mitotic prophase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through prophase, the initial stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes are condensed but are not yet attached to a mitotic spindle." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:211977 xref_analog: Reactome:221742 xref_analog: Reactome:230322 xref_analog: Reactome:238359 xref_analog: Reactome:244917 xref_analog: Reactome:249807 xref_analog: Reactome:252546 xref_analog: Reactome:255723 xref_analog: Reactome:259116 xref_analog: Reactome:262475 xref_analog: Reactome:268434 xref_analog: Reactome:286639 xref_analog: Reactome:68875 is_a: GO:0051324 ! prophase relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000089 name: mitotic metaphase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through metaphase, the stage of mitosis at which chromosomes are firmly attached to the mitotic spindle at its equator but have not yet segregated to opposite poles." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:68879 is_a: GO:0051323 ! metaphase relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000090 name: mitotic anaphase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through anaphase, the stage of mitosis during which the two sets of chromosomes separate and move away from each other." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:68882 is_a: GO:0051322 ! anaphase relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000091 name: mitotic anaphase A namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through anaphase A, the part of mitotic anaphase in which the kinetochore microtubules shorten as chromosomes move toward the spindle poles." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0000090 ! mitotic anaphase [Term] id: GO:0000092 name: mitotic anaphase B namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through anaphase B, the part of mitotic anaphase in which the polar microtubules elongate and the two poles of the spindle move farther apart." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0000090 ! mitotic anaphase [Term] id: GO:0000093 name: mitotic telophase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through telophase, the last of the stages of mitosis; in the canonical cell cycle, telophase begins when the chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell and the division of the cytoplasm starts." [ISBN:0721662544] is_a: GO:0051326 ! telophase relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000094 name: septin assembly and septum formation namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] comment: This term was made obsolete because it was not defined and the string name implied two separate processes. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'barrier septum formation ; GO:0000917' or its children, 'selection of site for barrier septum formation ; GO:0000918', and 'septin ring assembly ; GO:0000921'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000095 name: S-adenosylmethionine transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl methionine transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0000099 ! sulfur amino acid transporter activity is_a: GO:0051184 ! cofactor transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000096 name: sulfur amino acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, homocysteine, methionine and selenocysteine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000097 name: sulfur amino acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0000096 ! sulfur amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0008652 ! amino acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044272 ! sulfur compound biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000098 name: sulfur amino acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid degradation" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0000096 ! sulfur amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009063 ! amino acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0044273 ! sulfur compound catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000099 name: sulfur amino acid transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of amino acids containing sulfur (cystine, methionine and their derivatives) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015171 ! amino acid transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000100 name: S-methylmethionine transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of S-methylmethionine into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000099 ! sulfur amino acid transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000101 name: sulfur amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of amino acids containing sulfur (cystine, methionine and their derivatives) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid transport" [] is_a: GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0000102 name: L-methionine porter activity namespace: molecular_function xref_analog: TC:2.A.3.8.4 is_a: GO:0005294 ! neutral L-amino acid porter activity is_a: GO:0015191 ! L-methionine transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000103 name: sulfate assimilation namespace: biological_process def: "The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphate assimilation" [] is_a: GO:0006791 ! sulfur utilization [Term] id: GO:0000104 name: succinate dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0019739 def: "Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + acceptor = fumarate + reduced acceptor. No reaction with quinols." [EC:1.3.99.1, GOC:kd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "fumarate reductase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.3.99.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SUCC-FUM-OXRED-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:21566 is_a: GO:0016627 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors [Term] id: GO:0000105 name: histidine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "histidine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "histidine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "histidine formation" [] exact_synonym: "histidine synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:HISTSYN-PWY is_a: GO:0006547 ! histidine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009076 ! histidine family amino acid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000107 name: imidazoleglycerol-phosphate synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-P + L-glutamine = D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate + AICAR + L-glutamate." [MetaCyc:GLUTAMIDOTRANS-RXN] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "imidazoleglycerol phosphate synthase activity" [] broad_synonym: "glutamine amidotransferase:cyclase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.4.2.- xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLUTAMIDOTRANS-RXN is_a: GO:0016763 ! transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0000108 name: repairosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A stable complex of proteins that carry out the DNA damage recognition and incision reactions characteristic of nucleotide excision repair (NER), such as DNA damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at sites flanking damaged DNA; includes TFIIH subunits and additional polypeptides; may form in the absence of DNA damage." [PMID:10681587, PMID:9852079] is_a: GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0000109 name: nucleotide-excision repair complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex formed of proteins that act in nucleotide-excision repair." [PMID:10915862] comment: Note that process information is included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000110 name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses DNA damage recognition and endodeoxynuclease activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad1p, Rad10p, and Rad14p." [PMID:10915862] comment: Note that process and function information are included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. exact_synonym: "NEF1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0000111 name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses damaged DNA binding activity. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad4p and Rad23p." [PMID:10915862] comment: Note that process and function information are included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. exact_synonym: "NEF2 complex" [] is_a: GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0000112 name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses endodeoxynuclease and DNA helicase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad2p and the core TFIIH-Ssl2p complex (Core TFIIH is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, and Tfb4. Note that Ssl2p is also called Rad25)." [PMID:10915862, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] comment: Note that process and function information are included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. exact_synonym: "NEF3 complex" [] is_a: GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0000113 name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 4 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses DNA damage recognition and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad7p and Rad16p." [PMID:10915862] comment: Note that process and function information are included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. exact_synonym: "NEF4 complex" [] is_a: GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0000114 name: G1-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are transcribed during the G1 phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000080 ! G1 phase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000115 name: S-phase-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are transcribed during the S phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "S-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle" [] xref_analog: Reactome:69241 is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000084 ! S phase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000116 name: G2-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are transcribed during the G2 phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000085 ! G2 phase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000117 name: G2/M-specific transcription in mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are transcribed during the G2/M phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:69274 is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000086 ! G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000118 name: histone deacetylase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that possesses histone deacetylase activity." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term represents a location, not a function; the activity possessed by this complex is mentioned in the definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. The function of this complex is represented by the molecular function term 'histone deacetylase activity ; GO:0004407'. exact_synonym: "HDAC complex" [] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000119 name: mediator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that enables the RNA polymerase II-general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex to react to transcriptional activator proteins; also enhances the level of basal transcription." [PMID:10384286, PMID:11114191, PMID:8187178, PMID:9396788, PMID:9774831] narrow_synonym: "TRAP complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0000120 name: RNA polymerase I transcription factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor complex that acts at promoters of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase I." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0000121 name: glycerol-1-phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol 1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.21] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.21 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLYCEROL-1-PHOSPHATASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016791 ! phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0000122 name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transcription from Pol II promoter" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0045892 ! negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0000123 name: histone acetyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term represents a location, not a function; the activity possessed by this complex is mentioned in the definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. The function of this complex is represented by the molecular function term 'histone acetyltransferase activity ; GO:0004402'. exact_synonym: "histone acetylase complex" [] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000124 name: SAGA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase and in involved in regulation of transcription. The budding yeast complex includes Gcn5p, several proteins of the Spt and Ada families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs); analogous complexes in other species have analogous compositions, and usually contain homologs of the yeast proteins." [PMID:10637607] exact_synonym: "Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0000123 ! histone acetyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0000125 name: PCAF complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase and is involved in regulation of transcription. The composition is similar to that of the SAGA complex, but includes fewer Spt and Ada proteins, and more TAFs." [PMID:10637607] comment: See also the cellular component term 'SAGA complex ; GO:0000124'. is_a: GO:0000123 ! histone acetyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0000126 name: transcription factor TFIIIB complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase III promoters that is an RNA polymerase binding protein." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000127 name: transcription factor TFIIIC complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterotrimeric transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase III promoters." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000128 name: flocculation namespace: biological_process def: "The non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0000131 name: incipient cellular bud site namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the budding yeast plasma membrane where a daughter cell will emerge. The yeast marks this spot with bud-site selection proteins before bud emergence occurs. Actin is polarized to this spot just prior to and during bud emergence." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000132 name: establishment of mitotic spindle orientation namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0030607 alt_id: GO:0030609 def: "The processes that set the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures." [GOC:ems] exact_synonym: "establishment of spindle orientation during mitosis" [] exact_synonym: "mitotic spindle orientation" [] exact_synonym: "orienting of mitotic spindle" [] narrow_synonym: "mitotic spindle orientation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "mitotic spindle orientation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0040001 ! establishment of mitotic spindle localization is_a: GO:0051294 ! establishment of spindle orientation [Term] id: GO:0000133 name: polarisome namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex that plays a role in determining cell polarity by directing the localized assembly of actin filaments at polarization sites; in Saccharomyces the polarisome includes Bni1p, Spa2p, Pea2p, and Bud6p." [PMID:14734532, PMID:14998522, PMID:9632790] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0030427 ! site of polarized growth [Term] id: GO:0000135 name: septin checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle checkpoint that detects septin defects and responds by inhibiting the mitotic CDK. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, correct formation of a functional septin cytoskeleton permits the cell to switch to isotropic bud growth and the onset of mitotic chromosome segregation. In the presence of septin defects, the mitotic CDK is inhibited and both the switch to isotropic bud growth and the onset of mitotic chromosome segregation is delayed." [PMID:9925642] is_a: GO:0000075 ! cell cycle checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0000136 name: alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large, multiprotein complex with alpha-1,6 mannosyltransferase activity, located in the cis Golgi membrane; adds mannan to N-linked glycans on proteins." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10037752, PMID:11095735] is_a: GO:0031501 ! mannosyltransferase complex is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0000137 ! Golgi cis cisterna [Term] id: GO:0000137 name: Golgi cis cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The Golgi cisterna closest to the endoplasmic reticulum; the first processing compartment through which proteins pass after export from the ER." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0000138 name: Golgi trans cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum; the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0000139 name: Golgi membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system [Term] id: GO:0000140 name: acylglycerone-phosphate reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-palmitoylglycerol 3-phosphate + NADP+ = palmitoylglycerone phosphate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.101] exact_synonym: "1-acyldihydroxyacetone-phosphate reductase" [] exact_synonym: "palmitoyldihydroxyacetone-phosphate reductase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.101 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ACYLGLYCERONE-PHOSPHATE-REDUCTASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:21659 is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000142 name: cellular bud neck contractile ring namespace: cellular_component def: "A contractile ring, i.e. a cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin, that forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck in mitotic cells that divide by budding in preparation for completing cytokinesis." [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555] exact_synonym: "contractile ring (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] exact_synonym: "neck ring" [] broad_synonym: "actomyosin ring (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] broad_synonym: "cytokinetic ring (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0005826 ! contractile ring relationship: part_of GO:0005935 ! cellular bud neck [Term] id: GO:0000144 name: cellular bud neck septin ring namespace: cellular_component def: "A ring-shaped structure that forms at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. In S. cerevisiae, this structure forms at the time of bud emergence and the septins show a high rate of exchange." [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555] exact_synonym: "septin ring (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000399 ! cellular bud neck septin structure is_a: GO:0005940 ! septin ring is_a: GO:0032161 ! cleavage apparatus septin structure [Term] id: GO:0000145 name: exocyst namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where secretory vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part [Term] id: GO:0000146 name: microfilament motor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of movement along a microfilament, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "myosin ATPase activity" [] exact_synonym: "actin filament motor activity" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "actin-filament motor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "muscle motor activity" [] is_a: GO:0003774 ! motor activity [Term] id: GO:0000147 name: actin cortical patch assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly of an actin cortical patch, a discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane of fungal cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0022607 ! cellular component assembly is_a: GO:0030866 ! cortical actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000148 name: 1,3-beta-glucan synthase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The complex that catalyzes the transfer of a glucose moiety from UDP-glucose to a 1,3-beta-D-glucan chain." [EC:2.4.1.34] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0000149 name: SNARE binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein." [PMID:12642621] exact_synonym: "SNAP receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0000150 name: recombinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the identification and base-pairing of homologous sequences between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] comment: Consider also annotating to the molecular function terms 'double-stranded DNA binding ; GO:0003690' and 'single-stranded DNA binding ; GO:0003697'. Note that this term represents activities that do not break or form phosphodiester bonds, and is therefore not a parent of 'site-specific recombinase activity ; GO:0009009'. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "strand transferase" [] is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0000151 name: ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3) and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000152 name: nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the nucleus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000151 ! ubiquitin ligase complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000153 name: cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000151 ! ubiquitin ligase complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000154 name: rRNA modification namespace: biological_process def: "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within rRNA, resulting in a change in the properties of the rRNA." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009451 ! RNA modification is_a: GO:0016072 ! rRNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000155 name: two-component sensor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a specific transcription regulator in response to the presence of a particular signal substance outside the cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "two-component system sensor activity " [] narrow_synonym: "two-component sensor molecule" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.3.- is_a: GO:0004673 ! protein histidine kinase activity is_a: GO:0004871 ! signal transducer activity [Term] id: GO:0000156 name: two-component response regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Alters the level of transcription of target genes, usually by binding to a transcription factor, when phosphorylated by a sensor that detects the presence of a particular signal substance outside the cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0004871 ! signal transducer activity is_a: GO:0030528 ! transcription regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0000158 name: protein phosphatase type 2A activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0008600 def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. A protein serine/threonine phosphatase that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "protein phosphatase type 2A, intrinsic catalyst activity" [] is_a: GO:0004722 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0000159 name: protein phosphatase type 2A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer with protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic and regulatory subunits." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0008287 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000160 name: two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) namespace: biological_process def: "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "histidyl-aspartyl phosphorelay" [] is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0000161 name: MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process def: "MAPKKK cascade involved in signal transduction in response to change in osmotic conditions." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, MAPKKK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade relationship: part_of GO:0007231 ! osmosensory signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0000162 name: tryptophan biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tryptophan anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan formation" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:TRPSYN-PWY is_a: GO:0006568 ! tryptophan metabolic process is_a: GO:0009096 ! aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process, anthranilate pathway is_a: GO:0046219 ! indolalkylamine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000163 name: protein phosphatase type 1 activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0008598 def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. An ATP, magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) that consists of a catalytic subunit of 38 kDa and a modulator subunit of 23 kDa, which is subject to phosphorylation, thus activating the phosphatase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "protein phosphatase type 1, intrinsic catalyst activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:21718 is_a: GO:0004722 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0000164 name: protein phosphatase type 1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An ATP, magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) that consists of a catalytic subunit of 38 kDa and a modulator subunit of 23 kDa, which is subject to phosphorylation, thus activating the phosphatase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0008287 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000165 name: MAPKKK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Cascade of at least three protein kinase activities culminating in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase. MAPKKK cascades lie downstream of numerous signaling pathways." [GOC:mah, PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "ERK/MAPK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAP kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAPK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] xref_analog: Reactome:109869 xref_analog: Reactome:211967 xref_analog: Reactome:221732 xref_analog: Reactome:230313 xref_analog: Reactome:238351 xref_analog: Reactome:244909 xref_analog: Reactome:249802 xref_analog: Reactome:252619 xref_analog: Reactome:255804 xref_analog: Reactome:259197 xref_analog: Reactome:262555 xref_analog: Reactome:268509 xref_analog: Reactome:274234 xref_analog: Reactome:280703 xref_analog: Reactome:286727 is_a: GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0000166 name: nucleotide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0000167 name: activation of MAPKKK activity during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase kinase during osmolarity sensing." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity during osmolarity sensing" [] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, activation of MAPKKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000185 ! activation of MAPKKK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000161 ! MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing [Term] id: GO:0000168 name: activation of MAPKK activity during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007233 def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase during osmolarity sensing." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase activity during osmolarity sensing" [] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, activation of MAP kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, activation of MAPKK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Pbs2 kinase" [] is_a: GO:0000186 ! activation of MAPKK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000161 ! MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing [Term] id: GO:0000169 name: activation of MAPK activity during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase activity during osmolarity sensing." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, activation of MAPK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000187 ! activation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000161 ! MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing [Term] id: GO:0000170 name: sphingosine hydroxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydroxylation of sphingolipid long chain bases." [PMID:9556590] is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0000171 name: ribonuclease MRP activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the first cleavage in rRNA transcript processing, also involved in mitochondrial RNA processing." [PMID:10690410] exact_synonym: "RNase MRP" [] is_a: GO:0004540 ! ribonuclease activity [Term] id: GO:0000172 name: ribonuclease MRP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex that performs the first cleavage in rRNA transcript processing and is also involved in mitochondrial RNA processing." [PMID:10690410] exact_synonym: "ribonuclease mitochondrial RNA processing complex" [] exact_synonym: "RNase MRP complex" [] is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0000173 name: inactivation of MAPK activity during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that terminates the activity of the active enzyme MAP kinase during osmolarity sensing." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, inactivation of MAPK" [] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, termination of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "termination of MAPK activity during osmolarity sensing" [] is_a: GO:0000188 ! inactivation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000161 ! MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing [Term] id: GO:0000174 name: inactivation of MAPK (mating sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Downregulation of MAP kinase activity in the context of transduction of mating pheromone signal, as described for Saccharomyces." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. To update annotations, use biological_process term 'pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion ; GO:0000750'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000175 name: 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 3' terminus of an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "3'-5' exoribonuclease activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.13.- is_a: GO:0008408 ! 3'-5' exonuclease activity is_a: GO:0016896 ! exoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters [Term] id: GO:0000176 name: nuclear exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the nucleus." [PMID:10465791] is_a: GO:0000178 ! exosome (RNase complex) is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000177 name: cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the cytoplasm." [PMID:10465791] is_a: GO:0000178 ! exosome (RNase complex) is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000178 name: exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases." [PMID:10465791] comment: Note that this term should not be confused with 'exosome' used in the context of vesicles released from multivesicular bodies. is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000179 name: rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the dimethylation two adjacent A residues in the loop closing the 3'-terminal stem of the 18S rRNA, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor." [ISBN:1555811337, PMID:10690410] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0016433 ! rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000180 name: cytosolic large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because more specific children exist. To update annotations, consider cellular_component terms 'cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Bacteria) ; GO:0009282' and 'cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukaryota) ; GO:0005842'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000181 name: cytosolic small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because more specific children exist. To update annotations, consider cellular_component terms 'cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Bacteria) ; GO:0009283' and 'cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukaryota) ; GO:0005843'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000182 name: rDNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA sequences encoding ribosomal RNA." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ribosomal DNA binding" [] is_a: GO:0043565 ! sequence-specific DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000183 name: chromatin silencing at rDNA namespace: biological_process def: "Repression of transcription of ribosomal DNA by the formation of heterochromatin." [PMID:10219245] exact_synonym: "chromatin silencing at ribosomal DNA" [] is_a: GO:0006342 ! chromatin silencing [Term] id: GO:0000184 name: mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay namespace: biological_process def: "The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway degrades mRNAs transcribed from genes in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins." [GOC:ma, PMID:10025395] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "mRNA breakdown, nonsense-mediated decay" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolism, nonsense-mediated" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated decay" [] exact_synonym: "nonsense-mediated mRNA decay" [] is_a: GO:0006402 ! mRNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000185 name: activation of MAPKKK activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase kinase." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAPKKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000186 name: activation of MAPKK activity namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007255 def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase by phosphorylation by a MAPKKK." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP/ERK kinase kinase" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAPKK activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110049 xref_analog: Reactome:211601 xref_analog: Reactome:221376 xref_analog: Reactome:230014 xref_analog: Reactome:238032 xref_analog: Reactome:244648 xref_analog: Reactome:249583 is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000187 name: activation of MAPK activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase by phosphorylation by a MAPKK." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] xref_analog: Reactome:112409 xref_analog: Reactome:212039 xref_analog: Reactome:221803 xref_analog: Reactome:230377 xref_analog: Reactome:238416 xref_analog: Reactome:244963 xref_analog: Reactome:249842 xref_analog: Reactome:252574 xref_analog: Reactome:255755 xref_analog: Reactome:259149 xref_analog: Reactome:262506 xref_analog: Reactome:268461 xref_analog: Reactome:274183 xref_analog: Reactome:280656 xref_analog: Reactome:286675 is_a: GO:0043406 ! positive regulation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000188 name: inactivation of MAPK activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that terminates the activity of the active enzyme MAP kinase." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "termination of MAPK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0043407 ! negative regulation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000189 name: nuclear translocation of MAPK namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus upon activation." [PMID:9561267] xref_analog: Reactome:109867 xref_analog: Reactome:109868 xref_analog: Reactome:112353 xref_analog: Reactome:209891 xref_analog: Reactome:209896 xref_analog: Reactome:228348 xref_analog: Reactome:228351 xref_analog: Reactome:236568 xref_analog: Reactome:236573 xref_analog: Reactome:243599 xref_analog: Reactome:243605 xref_analog: Reactome:248698 xref_analog: Reactome:248703 xref_analog: Reactome:251790 xref_analog: Reactome:251793 xref_analog: Reactome:254938 xref_analog: Reactome:254943 xref_analog: Reactome:258208 xref_analog: Reactome:258211 xref_analog: Reactome:261726 xref_analog: Reactome:261729 xref_analog: Reactome:267714 xref_analog: Reactome:267717 xref_analog: Reactome:273179 xref_analog: Reactome:273186 xref_analog: Reactome:279660 xref_analog: Reactome:279666 xref_analog: Reactome:285768 xref_analog: Reactome:285771 is_a: GO:0000060 ! protein import into nucleus, translocation relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000190 name: MAPKKK cascade (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. MAPKKK cascade involved in transduction of signal promoting pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000191 name: activation of MAPKKK (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of MAPKKK activity in the context of regulating pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000192 name: activation of MAPKK (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of a MAP kinase kinase in the context of regulating pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000193 name: activation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of MAP kinase activity in the context of regulating pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000194 name: inactivation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Downregulation of MAP kinase activity in the context of regulating pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000195 name: nuclear translocation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus in the context of regulating pseudohyphal or invasive growth." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000196 name: MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Cascade of at least three protein kinase activities culminating in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase that occurs during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, MAPKKK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade relationship: part_of GO:0007047 ! cell wall organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000197 name: activation of MAPKKK activity during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase kinase during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity during cell wall biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, activation of MAPKKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000185 ! activation of MAPKKK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000196 ! MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000198 name: activation of MAPKK activity during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase activity during cell wall biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, activation of MAP kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, activation of MAPKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000186 ! activation of MAPKK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000196 ! MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000199 name: activation of MAPK activity during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, activation of MAPK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000187 ! activation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000196 ! MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000200 name: inactivation of MAPK activity during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that terminates the activity of the active enzyme MAP kinase during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, inactivation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, termination of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "termination of MAPK activity during cell wall biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0000188 ! inactivation of MAPK activity relationship: part_of GO:0000196 ! MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000201 name: nuclear translocation of MAPK during cell wall biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus during cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "cell wall biogenesis, nuclear translocation of MAPK" [] is_a: GO:0000189 ! nuclear translocation of MAPK relationship: part_of GO:0000196 ! MAPKKK cascade during cell wall biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000202 name: MAPKKK cascade during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. MAPKKK cascade involved in transduction of signal promoting sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000203 name: activation of MAPKKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of MAPKKK activity in the context of sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000204 name: activation of MAPKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of a MAP kinase kinase in the context of sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000205 name: activation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Upregulation of MAP kinase activity in the context of sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000206 name: inactivation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Downregulation of MAP kinase activity in the context of sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000207 name: nuclear translocation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus in the context of sporulation. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [PMID:9561267] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is a gene product specific term. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000208 name: nuclear translocation of MAPK during osmolarity sensing namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus during osmolarity sensing." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "osmolarity sensing, nuclear translocation of MAPK" [] is_a: GO:0000189 ! nuclear translocation of MAPK relationship: part_of GO:0000161 ! MAPKKK cascade during osmolarity sensing [Term] id: GO:0000209 name: protein polyubiquitination namespace: biological_process def: "Addition of multiple ubiquitin moieties to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain." [ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "polyubiquitin" [] exact_synonym: "protein polyubiquitinylation" [] exact_synonym: "protein polyubiquitylation" [] is_a: GO:0016567 ! protein ubiquitination [Term] id: GO:0000210 name: NAD+ diphosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + H2O = AMP + NMN." [EC:3.6.1.22] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "NAD diphosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "NAD pyrophosphatase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.6.1.22 xref_analog: MetaCyc:NADPYROPHOSPHAT-RXN is_a: GO:0004551 ! nucleotide diphosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0000211 name: protein degradation tagging activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Covalent addition of polyubiquitin to another protein, targeting the tagged protein for destruction." [GOC:cl, ISBN:0815316194] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a biological process and a molecular function. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'modification-dependent protein catabolic process ; GO:0019941' or its children and 'protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process ; GO:0042787' and molecular_function term 'protein binding ; GO:0005515' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000212 name: meiotic spindle organization and biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "meiotic spindle organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "spindle organization and biogenesis during meiosis" [] is_a: GO:0007051 ! spindle organization and biogenesis is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0051321 ! meiotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000213 name: tRNA-intron endonuclease activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] exact_synonym: "tRNA-splicing endonuclease" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.27.9 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.1.27.9-RXN is_a: GO:0004549 ! tRNA-specific ribonuclease activity is_a: GO:0016892 ! endoribonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters [Term] id: GO:0000214 name: tRNA-intron endonuclease complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that catalyses the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000215 name: tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of the splice junction 2-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD+ to produce ADP-ribose 1'-2' cyclic phosphate." [PMID:9148937] is_a: GO:0008665 ! 2'-phosphotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000216 name: M/G1 transition of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression from M phase to G1 phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:211997 xref_analog: Reactome:221761 xref_analog: Reactome:230342 xref_analog: Reactome:238378 xref_analog: Reactome:244933 xref_analog: Reactome:249898 xref_analog: Reactome:252623 xref_analog: Reactome:255800 xref_analog: Reactome:259165 xref_analog: Reactome:262551 xref_analog: Reactome:265375 xref_analog: Reactome:274161 xref_analog: Reactome:280634 xref_analog: Reactome:286652 xref_analog: Reactome:68874 is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0051329 ! interphase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000217 name: DNA secondary structure binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA containing secondary structure elements such as four-way junctions, bubbles, loops, Y-form DNA, or double-strand/single-strand junctions." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0043566 ! structure-specific DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000219 name: vacuolar hydrogen-transporting ATPase namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] comment: This term was made obsolete because more specific terms were created. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex ; GO:0016469' or its children. exact_synonym: "V-ATPase" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000220 name: hydrogen ion transporting ATPase V0 domain namespace: cellular_component def: "The integral domain of the V-type ATPase comprises the pore through the membrane, through which protons are translocated." [GOC:rb, PMID:10224039, TC:3.A.2.-.-] comment: Note that this domain often consists of five subunits, although in some mammalian tissues it may have an additional subunit. is_a: GO:0016471 ! hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0000221 name: hydrogen ion transporting ATPase V1 domain namespace: cellular_component def: "The peripheral domain of the V-type ATPase contains the section responsible for ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:rb, PMID:10224039, TC:3.A.2.-.-] comment: Note that this domain generally consists of eight subunits. is_a: GO:0016471 ! hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0000222 name: plasma membrane hydrogen ion transporting ATPase V0 domain namespace: cellular_component is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0000223 name: plasma membrane hydrogen ion transporting ATPase V1 domain namespace: cellular_component is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0000224 name: peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an N4-(acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)asparagine residue in which the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue may be further glycosylated, to yield a (substituted) N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine and the peptide containing an aspartic residue." [EC:3.5.1.52] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "peptide:N-glycanase" [] exact_synonym: "PNGase" [] xref_analog: EC:3.5.1.52 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.5.1.52-RXN is_a: GO:0016811 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides [Term] id: GO:0000225 name: N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol deacetylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol + H2O = D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol + acetate. The second step enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), used to anchor various eukaryotic proteins to the cell-surface membrane. Catalyzes the N-deacetylation of GlcNAc-PI to GlcN-PI." [EC:3.5.1.89] comment: Note that this function was formerly EC:3.1.1.69. xref_analog: EC:3.5.1.89 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.1.1.69-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:22619 is_a: GO:0016811 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides is_a: GO:0019213 ! deacetylase activity [Term] id: GO:0000226 name: microtubule cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007017 ! microtubule-based process [Term] id: GO:0000227 name: oxaloacetate carrier activity namespace: molecular_function xref_analog: TC:2.A.29.15.1 is_a: GO:0015131 ! oxaloacetate transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000228 name: nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic narrow_synonym: "nuclear interphase chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000229 name: cytoplasmic chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic interphase chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000230 name: nuclear mitotic chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the nucleus during mitosis." [GOC:mah] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is based on a temporal division of the cell cycle. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'condensed nuclear chromosome ; GO:0000794' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000231 name: cytoplasmic mitotic chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cytoplasm during mitosis." [GOC:mah] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is based on a temporal division of the cell cycle. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'condensed chromosome ; GO:0000793' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000232 name: nuclear interphase chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the nucleus during interphase." [GOC:mah] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is based on a temporal division of the cell cycle. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'nuclear chromosome ; GO:0000228' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000233 name: cytoplasmic interphase chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cytoplasm during interphase." [GOC:mah] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is based on a temporal division of the cell cycle. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'cytoplasmic chromosome ; GO:0000229' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000234 name: phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + ethanolamine phosphate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylethanolamine phosphate." [EC:2.1.1.103] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.103 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.1.1.103-RXN is_a: GO:0008170 ! N-methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008757 ! S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000235 name: astral microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005876 ! spindle microtubule is_a: GO:0005881 ! cytoplasmic microtubule relationship: part_of GO:0005818 ! aster [Term] id: GO:0000236 name: mitotic prometaphase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through prometaphase, the stage following prophase in mitosis (in higher eukaryotes) during which the nuclear envelope is disrupted and breaks into membrane vesicles, and the spindle microtubules enter the nuclear region. Kinetochores mature on each centromere and attach to some of the spindle microtubules. Kinetochore microtubules begin the process of aligning chromosomes in one plane halfway between the poles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Reactome:68877 is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007067 ! mitosis [Term] id: GO:0000237 name: leptotene namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the first stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which chromosomes first become visible." [ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007128 ! meiotic prophase I [Term] id: GO:0000238 name: zygotene namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the second stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which each chromosome pairs with its homolog; the two become aligned and crossing over may occur." [ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007128 ! meiotic prophase I [Term] id: GO:0000239 name: pachytene namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the third stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which crossing over occurs between a chromatid in one partner and another chromatid in the homologous chromosome." [ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007128 ! meiotic prophase I [Term] id: GO:0000240 name: diplotene namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the fourth stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which the homologous chromosomes begin to separate and the synaptonemal complex dissolves." [ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007128 ! meiotic prophase I [Term] id: GO:0000241 name: diakinesis namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the final stage of prophase I in meiosis; the transition to meiotic metaphase I." [ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0007128 ! meiotic prophase I [Term] id: GO:0000242 name: pericentriolar material namespace: cellular_component def: "A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0000243 name: commitment complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The first portion of the spliceosome to assemble in mRNA splicing; in commitment complex formation the 5' and 3' splice sites are recognized by the U1 snRNP and the U2 snRNP auxiliary factor, respectively." [PMID:9159080] exact_synonym: "E complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005681 ! spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000244 name: assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a tri-snRNP complex containing U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs and U5 snRNAs and associated proteins. This includes reannealing of U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs released from previous rounds of splicing to reform the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) as well as the subsequent association of the U5 snRNP with the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) to form a tri-snRNP that is ready to reassemble into another spliceosome complex." [ISBN:0879695897, PMID:9452384] related_synonym: "MATa1 (A1) pre-mRNA splicing" [] broad_synonym: "snRNP recycling" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000387 ! spliceosomal snRNP biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000245 name: spliceosome assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation and bonding together of the spliceosome, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions." [PMID:9476892] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000398 ! nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000246 name: delta24(24-1) sterol reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ergosterol + NADP+ = ergosta-5,7,22,24(241)-tetraen-3-beta-ol + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.3.1.71, PMID:10722850] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "D24(24-1)-sterol reductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "sterol delta-24(28) methylene reductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "sterol delta-24(28) reductase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.3.1.71 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.3.1.71-RXN is_a: GO:0016628 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000247 name: C-8 sterol isomerase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols." [UniProtKB:P32352] exact_synonym: "delta-8-delta-7 sterol isomerase" [] xref_analog: EC:5.3.3.- is_a: GO:0016863 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, transposing C=C bonds [Term] id: GO:0000248 name: C-5 sterol desaturase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring of ergosterol." [UniProtKB:P32353] exact_synonym: "sterol-C5-desaturase" [] is_a: GO:0016627 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors [Term] id: GO:0000249 name: C-22 sterol desaturase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the formation of the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain." [UniProtKB:P54781] is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0000250 name: lanosterol synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = lanosterol. This is a cyclization reaction that forms the sterol nucleus." [EC:5.4.99.7] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "2,3-epoxysqualene-lanosterol cyclase" [] exact_synonym: "OSC" [] exact_synonym: "oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase" [] xref_analog: EC:5.4.99.7 xref_analog: MetaCyc:LANOSTEROL-SYNTHASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:22668 is_a: GO:0031559 ! oxidosqualene cyclase activity [Term] id: GO:0000252 name: C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 sterol decarboxylase) activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-beta-hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-4-alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ = 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one + CO2 + NAD(P)H." [EC:1.1.1.170, PMID:9811880] comment: Note that zymosterol is cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol. related_synonym: "sterol-4-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.- is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000253 name: 3-keto sterol reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-beta-ol + NADP+ = 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.270, PMID:9811880] comment: Note that zymosterol is cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol. xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.- is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000254 name: C-4 methylsterol oxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 4-beta-hydroxymethyl-4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.72, PMID:9811880] comment: Note that zymosterol is cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol. related_synonym: "methylsterol hydroxylase activity" [] related_synonym: "methylsterol monooxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-methylsterol oxidase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14.13.- is_a: GO:0016709 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0000255 name: allantoin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea, an intermediate or end product of purine catabolism." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "allantoin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0009308 ! amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000256 name: allantoin catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "allantoin breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "allantoin catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "allantoin degradation" [] is_a: GO:0000255 ! allantoin metabolic process is_a: GO:0046700 ! heterocycle catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000257 name: nitrilase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a nitrile + H2O = a carboxylate + NH3. Acts on a wide range of aromatic nitriles including (indole-3-yl)-acetonitrile and some aliphatic nitriles, and on the corresponding acid amides." [EC:3.5.5.1, GOC:kd] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.5.5.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.5.5.1-RXN xref_analog: UM-BBD_enzymeID:e0283 is_a: GO:0016815 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in nitriles [Term] id: GO:0000258 name: isoleucine/valine:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: (isoleucine or valine)(out) + Na+(out) = (isoleucine or valine)(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.26.1.1] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a multifunctional gene product. To update annotations, consider molecular_function terms 'L-isoleucine transporter activity ; GO:0015188', 'L-valine transporter activity ; GO:0005304', and 'sodium:amino acid symporter activity ; GO:0005283' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000259 name: intracellular nucleoside transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Enables the directed movement of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose (a deoxyribonucleotide) within a cell." [GOC:ai] comment: This term was made obsolete because it contains component and function information. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'intracellular ; GO:0005622' and molecular_function term 'nucleoside transporter activity ; GO:0005337'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000260 name: hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out). Found in vacuoles of eukaryotes and in bacteria." [TC:3.A.2.2.1, TC:3.A.2.2.3] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, use molecular_function term 'hydrogen ion transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism ; GO:0046961'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000261 name: sodium-translocating V-type ATPase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out). Found in vacuoles of eukaryotes and in bacteria." [TC:3.A.2.2.2] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, use molecular_function term 'sodium-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism ; GO:0046962'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000262 name: mitochondrial chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "mitochondrial genome" [] narrow_synonym: "mitochondrial DNA" [] narrow_synonym: "mtDNA" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0042645 ! mitochondrial nucleoid [Term] id: GO:0000263 name: heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, alpha-subunit namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase that contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] comment: This term was made obsolete because it does not represent a molecular function. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'heterotrimeric G-protein complex ; GO:0005834' and molecular_function term 'GTPase activity ; GO:0003924'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000264 name: heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, beta-subunit namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase; associates tightly with the gamma subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] comment: This term was made obsolete because it does not represent a molecular function. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'heterotrimeric G-protein complex ; GO:0005834' and molecular_function term 'GTPase activity ; GO:0003924'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000265 name: heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, gamma-subunit namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Smallest subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase; associates tightly with the beta subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] comment: This term was made obsolete because it does not represent a molecular function. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'heterotrimeric G-protein complex ; GO:0005834' and molecular_function term 'GTPase activity ; GO:0003924'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000266 name: mitochondrial fission namespace: biological_process def: "The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments." [PMID:11038192] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial division" [] is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization and biogenesis is_a: GO:0048285 ! organelle fission [Term] id: GO:0000267 name: cell fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "A generic term for parts of cells prepared by disruptive biochemical techniques." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0000268 name: peroxisome targeting sequence binding namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0005051 def: "Interacting selectively with a peroxisomal targeting sequence, any of several sequences of amino acids within a protein that can act as a signal for the localization of the protein into the peroxisome." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0879693568] exact_synonym: "PTS binding" [] narrow_synonym: "peroxisome targeting signal receptor" [] narrow_synonym: "PTS receptor" [] is_a: GO:0005048 ! signal sequence binding [Term] id: GO:0000269 name: toxin export channel activity namespace: molecular_function xref_analog: TC:1.B.20.-.- is_a: GO:0015288 ! porin activity is_a: GO:0019534 ! toxin transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000270 name: peptidoglycan metabolic process namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0009284 def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found only in bacterial cell walls and consisting of strands of glycosaminoglycan cross-linked by oligopeptides to form a huge and rigid network." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "murein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "murein metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "peptidoglycan metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0005975 ! carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000271 name: polysaccharide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides, polymers of more than 10 monosaccharide residues joined by glycosidic linkages." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycan biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glycan biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide formation" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0016051 ! carbohydrate biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043284 ! biopolymer biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044264 ! cellular polysaccharide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000272 name: polysaccharide catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides, polymers of more than 10 monosaccharide residues joined by glycosidic linkages." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "polysaccharide breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "polysaccharide degradation" [] is_a: GO:0005976 ! polysaccharide metabolic process is_a: GO:0043285 ! biopolymer catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000273 name: lipoic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoic acid, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid, a coenzyme involved in oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids." [GOC:ai, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lipoic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006732 ! coenzyme metabolic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000274 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk namespace: cellular_component def: "One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the mitochondrial membrane-associated F0 proteins; is thought to prevent futile rotation of the catalytic core." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045265 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk relationship: part_of GO:0000276 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) [Term] id: GO:0000275 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) namespace: cellular_component def: "The catalytic sector of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] comment: See also the cellular component term 'mitochondrial inner membrane ; GO:0005743'. exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F1 sector" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045261 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) relationship: part_of GO:0005753 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0000276 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) namespace: cellular_component def: "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(0) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F0 sector" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045263 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) relationship: part_of GO:0005753 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0000277 name: [cytochrome c]-lysine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytochrome c L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + cytochrome c N6-methyl-L-lysine. This is the addition of a methyl group to the N6 atom of a lysine residue in cytochrome c." [EC:2.1.1.59] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.59 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.1.1.59-RXN is_a: GO:0016279 ! protein-lysine N-methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000278 name: mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, in which a cell is duplicated without changing ploidy; comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:212083 xref_analog: Reactome:221841 xref_analog: Reactome:230408 xref_analog: Reactome:238450 xref_analog: Reactome:244991 xref_analog: Reactome:249871 xref_analog: Reactome:252608 xref_analog: Reactome:255794 xref_analog: Reactome:259188 xref_analog: Reactome:262544 xref_analog: Reactome:265374 xref_analog: Reactome:268486 xref_analog: Reactome:274210 xref_analog: Reactome:280680 xref_analog: Reactome:282900 xref_analog: Reactome:286715 xref_analog: Reactome:288392 xref_analog: Reactome:289890 xref_analog: Reactome:290421 xref_analog: Reactome:291802 xref_analog: Reactome:293782 xref_analog: Reactome:69278 is_a: GO:0007049 ! cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000279 name: M phase namespace: biological_process def: "Progression through M phase, the part of the cell cycle comprising nuclear division and cytokinesis." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "M-phase" [] is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase [Term] id: GO:0000280 name: nuclear division namespace: biological_process def: "The partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, http://www.biology-online.org/] related_synonym: "karyokinesis" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0000281 name: cytokinesis after mitosis namespace: biological_process def: "The processes resulting in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0000910 ! cytokinesis is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0000087 ! M phase of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000282 name: cellular bud site selection namespace: biological_process def: "The specification of the site where a daughter cell will form, in organisms that reproduce by budding." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term was split from 'bud site selection/establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces) ; GO:0007115' (sibling term 'establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces) ; GO:0000283'). related_synonym: "bud scar accumulation" [] broad_synonym: "bud site selection/establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0007105 ! cytokinesis, site selection is_a: GO:0030468 ! establishment of cell polarity (sensu Fungi) [Term] id: GO:0000284 name: shmoo orientation namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:elh] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is an organism specific term. The entire branch of the ontology was reorganized to be more generally applicable. To update annotations, use biological_process term 'cellular morphogenesis during conjugation with cellular fusion ; GO:0000753'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0000285 name: 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.150] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.150 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.7.1.150-RXN is_a: GO:0016307 ! phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0000286 name: alanine dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + H2O + NAD+ = pyruvate + NH3 + NADH + H+." [EC:1.4.1.1] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.4.1.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ALANINE-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016638 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors [Term] id: GO:0000287 name: magnesium ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "magnesium binding" [] is_a: GO:0046872 ! metal ion binding [Term] id: GO:0000288 name: mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay namespace: biological_process def: "A major pathway of mRNA degradation, that proceeds through a series of ordered steps: poly(A) tail shortening, deadenylylation-dependent decapping, and decay of the transcript body, and that can regulate mRNA stability." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "deadenylation-dependent mRNA decay" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA breakdown, deadenylation-dependent decay" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolic process, deadenylylation-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolism, deadenylation-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolism, deadenylylation-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA degradation, deadenylation-dependent decay" [] is_a: GO:0006402 ! mRNA catabolic process is_a: GO:0043488 ! regulation of mRNA stability [Term] id: GO:0000289 name: poly(A) tail shortening namespace: biological_process def: "Shortening of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031124 ! mRNA 3'-end processing relationship: part_of GO:0000288 ! mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay [Term] id: GO:0000290 name: deadenylation-dependent decapping namespace: biological_process def: "Cleavage of the 5'-cap of an mRNA triggered by shortening of the poly(A) tail to below a minimum functional length." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "deadenylylation-dependent decapping" [] is_a: GO:0006402 ! mRNA catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0000288 ! mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay [Term] id: GO:0000291 name: mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the mRNA transcript body that occurs when the ends are not protected by the 5'-cap or the 3'-poly(A) tail." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "exonucleolytic degradation of mRNA" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA breakdown, exonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA degradation, exonucleolytic" [] is_a: GO:0006402 ! mRNA catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0000288 ! mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay relationship: part_of GO:0000294 ! mRNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic cleavage-dependent decay [Term] id: GO:0000292 name: RNA fragment catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fragment of RNA, such as excised introns or sequences removed from ribosomal RNA during processing." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "RNA fragment breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "RNA fragment catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "RNA fragment degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006401 ! RNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000293 name: ferric-chelate reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Fe2+ + NAD+ = 2 Fe3+ + NADH + H+." [EC:1.16.1.7] comment: Note that this function was formerly EC:1.6.99.13. xref_analog: EC:1.16.1.7 xref_analog: MetaCyc:FERRIC-CHELATE-REDUCTASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016723 ! oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000294 name: mRNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic cleavage-dependent decay namespace: biological_process def: "A minor mRNA degradation pathway that begins with an endonucleolytic cleavage to generate unprotected ends." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "endonucleolytic mRNA decay" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA breakdown, endonucleolytic cleavage-dependent decay" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA catabolism, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "mRNA degradation, endonucleolytic cleavage-dependent decay" [] is_a: GO:0006402 ! mRNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000295 name: adenine nucleotide transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Transports adenine nucleotides (AMP, ADP, and ATP) across membranes." [PMID:11566870] is_a: GO:0015216 ! purine nucleotide transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000296 name: spermine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of spermine, N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, a polyamine formed by the transfer of a propylamine group from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to spermidine, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0015846 ! polyamine transport [Term] id: GO:0000297 name: spermine transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of spermine into, out of, within or between cells. Spermine is a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses, which is involved in nucleic acid packaging. Synthesis is regulated by ornithine decarboxylase which plays a key role in control of DNA replication." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0015203 ! polyamine transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000298 name: endopolyphosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: polyphosphate + n H2O = (n+1) oligophosphate. The product contains 4 or 5 phosphate residues." [EC:3.6.1.10] xref_analog: EC:3.6.1.10 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ENDOPOLYPHOSPHATASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016462 ! pyrophosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0000299 name: integral to membrane of membrane fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "Integral to that fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes; require detergents, such as Triton X-100, to be released from membranes." [PMID:10512869] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0000300 name: peripheral to membrane of membrane fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "Peripheral to that fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes; can be extracted from membrane fraction with high concentrations of salt or high pH." [PMID:10512869] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0000301 name: retrograde transport, vesicle recycling within Golgi namespace: biological_process def: "The retrograde movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by COP I vesicles. Cis-Golgi vesicles are constantly moving forward through the Golgi stack by cisternal progression, eventually becoming trans-Golgi vesicles. They then selectively transport membrane and luminal proteins from the trans- to the medial-Golgi while leaving others behind in the trans-Golgi cisternae; similarly, they selectively move proteins from the medial- to the cis-Golgi." [ISBN:0716731363] exact_synonym: "retrograde (vesicle recycling within Golgi) transport" [] is_a: GO:0006891 ! intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport [Term] id: GO:0000302 name: response to reactive oxygen species namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to active oxygen species" [] exact_synonym: "response to AOS" [] exact_synonym: "response to reactive oxidative species" [] exact_synonym: "response to reactive oxygen intermediate" [] exact_synonym: "response to ROI" [] exact_synonym: "response to ROS" [] is_a: GO:0006979 ! response to oxidative stress [Term] id: GO:0000303 name: response to superoxide namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000305 ! response to oxygen radical [Term] id: GO:0000304 name: response to singlet oxygen namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a singlet oxygen stimulus. Singlet oxygen is a dioxygen (O2) molecule in which two 2p electrons have similar spin. Singlet oxygen is more highly reactive than the form in which these electrons are of opposite spin, and it is produced in mutant chloroplasts lacking carotenoids and by leukocytes during metabolic burst." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0000305 name: response to oxygen radical namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen radical stimulus. An oxygen radical is any oxygen species that carries a free electron; examples include hydroxyl radicals and the superoxide anion." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0124325653] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0000306 name: extrinsic to vacuolar membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one or the other surface of the vacuolar membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0031312 ! extrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part relationship: part_of GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane [Term] id: GO:0000307 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are heterodimeric enzymes that contain a kinase catalytic subunit associated with a regulatory cyclin partner." [GOC:krc, PMID:11602261] exact_synonym: "CDK holoenzyme" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000308 name: cytoplasmic cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) complex found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:krc] broad_synonym: "CDK holoenzyme" [] is_a: GO:0000307 ! cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000309 name: nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinamide nucleotide = diphosphate + NAD+." [EC:2.7.7.1] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ATP:nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "NMN adenylyltransferase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.7.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.7.7.1-RXN is_a: GO:0016779 ! nucleotidyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000310 name: xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0009043 def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + xanthine = (9-D-ribosylxanthine)-5'-phosphate + diphosphate; substrate specificity for xanthine." [EC:2.4.2.22, GOC:clt] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.4.2.22 xref_analog: MetaCyc:XANPRIBOSYLTRAN-RXN is_a: GO:0016763 ! transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0000311 name: plastid large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The larger of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0000315 ! organellar large ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044435 ! plastid part relationship: part_of GO:0009547 ! plastid ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000312 name: plastid small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The smaller of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0000314 ! organellar small ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044435 ! plastid part relationship: part_of GO:0009547 ! plastid ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000313 name: organellar ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribosome contained within a subcellular organelle." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0005840 ! ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000314 name: organellar small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The smaller of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015935 ! small ribosomal subunit relationship: part_of GO:0000313 ! organellar ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000315 name: organellar large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015934 ! large ribosomal subunit relationship: part_of GO:0000313 ! organellar ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000316 name: sulfite transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of sulfite into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "sulphite transport" [] is_a: GO:0015698 ! inorganic anion transport [Term] id: GO:0000317 name: methionine-S-oxide reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine S-oxide + thioredoxin = L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin. No reaction on oxidized methionine in peptide linkage." [EC:1.8.4.5, PMID:11169920] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "methionine sulfoxide reductase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.8.4.5 xref_analog: MetaCyc:METHIONINE-S-OXIDE-REDUCTASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016671 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000318 name: protein-methionine-R-oxide reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine R-oxide + thioredoxin = L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide; can act on oxidized methionine in peptide linkage with specificity for the R enantiomer. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin." [EC:1.8.4.-, PMID:11929995] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "(protein) methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.8.4.- is_a: GO:0016671 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000319 name: sulfite transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of sulfite ions into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:as] exact_synonym: "sulphite transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015103 ! inorganic anion transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0000320 name: re-entry into mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "The resumption of the mitotic cell division cycle by cells that were in a quiescent or other non-dividing state." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0000074 ! regulation of progression through cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000321 name: re-entry into mitotic cell cycle after pheromone arrest namespace: biological_process def: "The resumption of the mitotic cell division cycle by pheromone-arrested cells that have not mated." [GOC:krc, PMID:9927449] narrow_synonym: "re-entry into mitotic cell cycle after pheromone arrest (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000320 ! re-entry into mitotic cell cycle is_a: GO:0000754 ! adaptation to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000322 name: storage vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A vacuole that functions primarily in the storage of materials, including nutrients, pigments, waste products, and small molecules." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000323 name: lytic vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000324 name: vacuole, cell cycle-correlated morphology namespace: cellular_component def: "The vacuole is a large, membrane-bound organelle that functions as a reservoir for the storage of small molecules (including polyphosphate, amino acids, several divalent cations (e.g. calcium), other ions, and other small molecules) as well as being the primary compartment for degradation. It is an acidic compartment, containing an ensemble of acid hydrolases. At least in S. cerevisiae, there are indications that the morphology of the vacuole is variable and correlated with the cell cycle, with logarithmically growing cells having a multilobed, reticulated vacuole, while stationary phase cells contain a single large structure." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879693649] exact_synonym: "vacuole (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0000322 ! storage vacuole is_a: GO:0000323 ! lytic vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000325 name: vacuole, cell cycle independent morphology namespace: cellular_component def: "A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by a unit membrane, contains liquid, and retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0815316208] related_synonym: "vacuole (sensu Magnoliophyta)" [] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000326 name: protein storage vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A compound organelle of plants where there is a lytic vacuole within a storage vacuole." [PMID:11739409] is_a: GO:0000322 ! storage vacuole is_a: GO:0000325 ! vacuole, cell cycle independent morphology [Term] id: GO:0000327 name: lytic vacuole within protein storage vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bound compartment containing crystals of phytic acid and proteins characteristic of a lytic vacuole, found within a storage vacuole." [PMID:11739490] is_a: GO:0000323 ! lytic vacuole is_a: GO:0000326 ! protein storage vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000328 name: lumen of vacuole with cell cycle-correlated morphology namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane of a vacuole, the shape of which correlates with cell cycle phase." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] related_synonym: "vacuolar lumen (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0005775 ! vacuolar lumen relationship: part_of GO:0000324 ! vacuole, cell cycle-correlated morphology [Term] id: GO:0000329 name: membrane of vacuole with cell cycle-correlated morphology namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vacuole, the shape of which correlates with cell cycle phase. The membrane separates its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "vacuolar membrane (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane relationship: part_of GO:0000324 ! vacuole, cell cycle-correlated morphology [Term] id: GO:0000330 name: lumen of vacuole with cell cycle-independent morphology namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane of a vacuole that retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "vacuolar lumen (sensu Magnoliophyta)" [] is_a: GO:0005775 ! vacuolar lumen relationship: part_of GO:0000325 ! vacuole, cell cycle independent morphology [Term] id: GO:0000331 name: contractile vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized vacuole of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. Its function is probably osmoregulatory." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, PMID:10503189] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000332 name: template for synthesis of G-rich strand of telomere DNA activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Provision of the template used by reverse transcriptase to synthesize the G-rich strand of telomeric DNA." [PMID:11812242] exact_synonym: "telomerase RNA" [] exact_synonym: "telomerase, template" [] is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function relationship: part_of GO:0003720 ! telomerase activity [Term] id: GO:0000333 name: telomerase catalytic core complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The minimal catalytic core of telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition." [PMID:11884619] is_a: GO:0005697 ! telomerase holoenzyme complex [Term] id: GO:0000334 name: 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxyanthranilate + O2 = 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde." [EC:1.13.11.6] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.6 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.13.11.6-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:23302 is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0000335 name: negative regulation of DNA transposition namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA transposition." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of DNA transposition" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of DNA transposition" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of DNA transposition" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of DNA transposition" [] is_a: GO:0000337 ! regulation of DNA transposition is_a: GO:0045910 ! negative regulation of DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000336 name: positive regulation of DNA transposition namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA transposition." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of DNA transposition" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of DNA transposition" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of DNA transposition" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of DNA transposition" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of DNA transposition" [] is_a: GO:0000337 ! regulation of DNA transposition is_a: GO:0045911 ! positive regulation of DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000337 name: regulation of DNA transposition namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA transposition, the process of transposing (moving to a different location) a segment of a chromosome or a piece of a DNA molecule." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000018 ! regulation of DNA recombination relationship: part_of GO:0006313 ! transposition, DNA-mediated [Term] id: GO:0000338 name: protein deneddylation namespace: biological_process def: "The removal of a ubiquitin-like protein of the NEDD8 type from a protein." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0000339 name: RNA cap binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) moiety or derivative located at the 5' end of an RNA molecule." [GOC:krc] narrow_synonym: "binding to mRNA cap" [] narrow_synonym: "mRNA cap binding" [] narrow_synonym: "snRNA cap binding" [] is_a: GO:0003723 ! RNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000340 name: RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the 7-methylguanosine moiety added cotranscriptionally to the 5' end of RNA molecules transcribed by polymerase II." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "RNA m7G cap binding" [] is_a: GO:0000339 ! RNA cap binding [Term] id: GO:0000341 name: RNA trimethylguanosine cap binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the trimethylguanosine (m(3)(2,2,7)-GTP) moiety located at the 5' end of some RNA molecules. Such trimethylated cap structures, generally produced by posttranscriptional modification of a 7-methylguanosine cap, are often found on snRNAs and snoRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but have also be found on snRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III. They have also been found on a subset of the mRNA population in some species, e.g. C. elegans." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "RNA m2,2,7G cap binding" [] is_a: GO:0000339 ! RNA cap binding [Term] id: GO:0000342 name: RNA cap 4 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a hypermethylated cap structure consisting of 7-methylguanosine (m(7)G) followed by four methylated nucleotides (cap 4): 7-methylguanosine-ppp-N6, N6, 2'-O-trimethyladenosine-p-2'-O-methyladenosine-p-2'-O-methylcytosine-p-N3, 2'-O-dimethyluridine Such caps are known to be found at the 5' ends of SL RNAs of trypanosomatid protozoa." [GOC:krc, PMID:10880518, PMID:12121975] is_a: GO:0000339 ! RNA cap binding [Term] id: GO:0000343 name: plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex A namespace: cellular_component def: "The plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase A (PEP-A) is a plastid-encoded DNA-directed RNA polymerase that resembles eubacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases with a core composed of alpha, beta, and beta-prime subunits. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition. PEP-A is generated from the PEP-B form during chloroplast maturation to generate a complex composed of at least thirteen polypeptides that is not sensitive to the antibiotic rifampicin, like its precursor form the PEP-B complex." [PMID:10946105] exact_synonym: "PEP-A" [] is_a: GO:0000427 ! plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0000344 name: plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex B namespace: cellular_component def: "The plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase B (PEP-B) is a plastid-encoded DNA-directed RNA polymerase that resembles eubacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases with a core composed of alpha, beta, and beta-prime subunits. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition. PEP-B is distinguished from PEP-A by its sensitivity to the antibiotic rifampicin. PEP-B is found in both etioplasts and chloroplasts, but is the predominate form in etioplasts. It forms the core of the PEP-A form; the conversion from PEP-B to PEP-A occurs during chloroplast maturation." [PMID:10946105] exact_synonym: "PEP-B" [] is_a: GO:0000427 ! plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0000345 name: cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The eubacterial DNA-directed RNA polymerase is a multisubunit complex with a core composed of the essential subunits beta-prime, beta, and two copies of alpha and a fifth nonessential subunit called omega. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition and specificity." [PMID:11158566] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex (sensu Bacteria)" [] is_a: GO:0000428 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0000346 name: transcription export complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The transcription export (TREX) complex couples transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II to mRNA export. The complex associates with the polymerase and travels with it along the length of the transcribed gene. TREX is composed of the THO transcription elongation complex as well as other proteins that couple THO to mRNA export proteins. The TREX complex is known to be found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including S. cerevisiae and metazoans." [GOC:krc, PMID:11979277] exact_synonym: "TREX complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000347 name: THO complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The THO complex is an oligomeric complex, primarily located in the nucleus, that is involved in transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II and is crucial for transcription of certain coding regions. The complex, though not each of the individual subunits, is found in a range of eukaryotic organisms, from S. cerevisiae to metazoans." [GOC:krc, PMID:11060033] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0000346 ! transcription export complex [Term] id: GO:0000348 name: nuclear mRNA branch site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the pre-mRNA branch site sequence by components of the assembling spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000245 ! spliceosome assembly [Term] id: GO:0000349 name: generation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a catalytic spliceosome complex ready to perform the first splicing reaction. This occurs by an ATP-dependent conformational change of the pre-catalytic spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "formation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step" [] is_a: GO:0006457 ! protein folding relationship: part_of GO:0000393 ! spliceosomal conformational changes to generate catalytic conformation [Term] id: GO:0000350 name: generation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Conformational rearrangement of the spliceosomal complex containing the RNA products from the 1st step of splicing to form the catalytic site for the second step of splicing." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] related_synonym: "lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage" [] exact_synonym: "formation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step" [] narrow_synonym: "formation of spliceosomal A2-2 complex" [] narrow_synonym: "formation of spliceosomal C1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0006457 ! protein folding relationship: part_of GO:0000393 ! spliceosomal conformational changes to generate catalytic conformation [Term] id: GO:0000351 name: assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP U4/U6.U5 namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a tri-snRNP complex containing the U4, U6, and U5 snRNAs and associated proteins. This includes reannealing of U4 and U6 snRNAs released from previous rounds of splicing to reform the U4/U6 snRNP as well as the subsequent association of the U5 snRNP with the U4/U6 snRNP to form the tri-snRNP that is ready to reassemble into another U2-type spliceosome complex." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "snRNP recycling" [] is_a: GO:0000244 ! assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000352 name: trans assembly of SL containing precatalytic spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the SL RNA and the pre-mRNA to be joined, as well as all the spliceosomal snRNPs involved in trans leader splicing. Formation of the trans leader spliceosome brings together the quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP and the complex of the U2 snRNP with the splice site of the pre-mRNA." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000245 ! spliceosome assembly relationship: part_of GO:0045291 ! nuclear mRNA trans splicing, splice leader addition [Term] id: GO:0000353 name: formation of quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a quadruple snRNP complex composed of the spliced leader (SL) RNA along with the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex. Interactions that may facilitate this include a duplex between the SL and U6 RNAs and interactions between the U5 RNA and the exon sequence at the 5' splice site within the SL RNA." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step is analogous to 5' splice site selection in cis-splicing. is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0045291 ! nuclear mRNA trans splicing, splice leader addition [Term] id: GO:0000354 name: cis assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the intact pre-mRNA and all of the spliceosomal snRNPs. This occurs when the tri-snRNP associates with the pre-mRNA and associated snRNPs in an ATP-dependent manner." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] narrow_synonym: "formation of spliceosomal A2-1 complex" [] narrow_synonym: "formation of spliceosomal B1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000245 ! spliceosome assembly [Term] id: GO:0000355 name: assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP U4atac/U6atac.U5 namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a tri-snRNP complex containing the U4atac, U6atac, and U5 snRNAs and associated proteins. This includes reannealing of U4atac and U6atac snRNAs released from previous rounds of splicing to reform the U4/U6 snRNP as well as the subsequent association of the U5 snRNP with the U4atac/U6atac snRNP to form a tri-snRNP that is ready to reassemble into another U12-type spliceosome complex." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "snRNP recycling" [] is_a: GO:0000244 ! assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000356 name: U2-type catalytic spliceosome formation for first transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a catalytic U2-type spliceosome complex containing the pre-mRNA ready to perform the first splicing reaction." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents the formation of the A2-2 complex (yeast) or the C1 complex (mammalian). narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-2 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-2 complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal C1 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal C1 complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000349 ! generation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000357 name: U12-type catalytic spliceosome formation for first transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a catalytic U12-type spliceosome complex containing the pre-mRNA ready to perform the first splicing reaction." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000349 ! generation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000358 name: formation of catalytic U2-type spliceosome for second transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Conformational rearrangement of the U2-type spliceosomal complex containing the RNA products of the first step of splicing to form the catalytic site for the second step of splicing." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents formation of the A2-3 complex (yeast) or the C2 complex (mammalian). narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-3 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-3 complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal C2 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal C2 complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000350 ! generation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000359 name: formation of catalytic U12-type spliceosome for second transesterification step namespace: biological_process def: "Conformational rearrangement of the U12-type spliceosomal complex containing the RNA products of the 1st step of splicing to form the catalytic site for the second step of splicing." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000350 ! generation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000360 name: cis assembly of U2-type pre-catalytic spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly of a U2-type spliceosomal complex containing the intact pre-mRNA and all of the spliceosomal snRNPs. This occurs when the U4-U6/U5 tri-snRNP associates with the pre-mRNA and associated snRNPs in an ATP-dependent manner." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents formation of the A2-1 complex (yeast) or the B1 complex (mammals). narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-1 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A2-1 complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B1 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B1 complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000354 ! cis assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome relationship: part_of GO:0045292 ! nuclear mRNA cis splicing, via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000361 name: cis assembly of U12-type pre-catalytic spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly of a U12-type spliceosomal complex containing the intact pre-mRNA and all of the spliceosomal snRNPs. This occurs when the U4atac-Uatac6/U5 tri-snRNP associates with the pre-mRNA and associated snRNPs in an ATP-dependent manner." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000354 ! cis assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000362 name: first U2-type spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the first transesterification reaction of U2-type spliceosomal mRNA splicing. The intron branch site adenosine is the nucleophile attacking the 5' splice site, resulting in cleavage at this position. In cis splicing, this is the step that forms a lariat structure of the intron RNA, which is still joined to the 3' exon. The catalytic site is thought to be formed by U6 and/or U2 snRNA, and/or associated proteins." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage" [] is_a: GO:0000384 ! first spliceosomal transesterification activity [Term] id: GO:0000363 name: first U12-type spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the first transesterification reaction of U12-type spliceosomal mRNA splicing. The intron branch site adenosine is the nucleophile attacking the 5' splice site, resulting in cleavage at this position. In cis splicing, this is the step that forms a lariat structure of the intron RNA, which is still joined to the 3' exon. The catalytic site is thought to be formed by U6atac snRNA and/or U2atac snRNA, and/or associated proteins." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage" [] is_a: GO:0000384 ! first spliceosomal transesterification activity [Term] id: GO:0000364 name: second U2-type spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the second transesterification reaction of U2-type spliceosomal mRNA splicing. Ligation of the two exons occurs via a transesterification reaction where the free 3'-hydroxyl group of the 5' exon is the nucleophile attacking the 3' splice site. Non-expressed sequences are now detached from the exons. In cis splicing, the intron is in a lariat structure. The catalytic site is thought to be formed by U6 and/or U2 snRNAs and/or associated proteins." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "3'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation" [] is_a: GO:0000386 ! second spliceosomal transesterification activity [Term] id: GO:0000365 name: nuclear mRNA trans splicing, via U2-type spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "The joining together of exons from two different primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000366 name: intergenic nuclear mRNA trans splicing namespace: biological_process def: "The joining together of two independently transcribed RNAs from two different genes, each of which also produces mRNA(s) via cis-splicing." [GOC:krc, PMID:11726664, PMID:12110900] is_a: GO:0000365 ! nuclear mRNA trans splicing, via U2-type spliceosome is_a: GO:0000380 ! alternative nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000367 name: second U12-type spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the second transesterification reaction of U12-type spliceosomal mRNA splicing. Ligation of the two exons occurs via a transesterification reaction where the free 3'-hydroxyl group of the 5' exon is the nucleophile attacking the 3' splice site. Non-expressed sequences are now detached from the exons. In cis splicing, the intron is in a lariat structure. The catalytic site is thought to be formed by U6 and/or U2 snRNAs and/or associated proteins." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "3'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation" [] is_a: GO:0000386 ! second spliceosomal transesterification activity [Term] id: GO:0000368 name: U2-type nuclear mRNA 5'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 5'-splice site by components of the assembling U2-type spliceosome. This may involve binding of U1 snRNA and/or U6 snRNA to intron sequences." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents formation of the Commitment Complex (CC, in yeast) or the E complex (mammalian). exact_synonym: "U2-type nuclear mRNA 5' splice site recognition" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal CC complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal CC complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal commitment complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal commitment complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal E complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal E complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000395 ! nuclear mRNA 5'-splice site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0045292 ! nuclear mRNA cis splicing, via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000369 name: U12-type nuclear mRNA 5'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 5'-splice site by components of the assembling U12-type spliceosome. The U11 snRNP is thought to play a role in recognition of the U12-type 5'-splice site." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "U12-type nuclear mRNA 5' splice site recognition" [] is_a: GO:0000395 ! nuclear mRNA 5'-splice site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000370 name: U2-type nuclear mRNA branch site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron branch site sequence of a U2-type intron. This recognition may include an interaction between the U2 snRNA (as part of the U2 snRNP) and the branch site sequence of the pre-mRNA. In cis-splicing, the U1 snRNP, already associated with the 5'-splice site may also be involved in recruiting the U2 snRNP to the branch site." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents the formation of the B complex (yeast) or the A complex (mammalian). narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000348 ! nuclear mRNA branch site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000371 name: U12-type nuclear mRNA branch site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron branch site sequence of a U12-type intron. The U12 snRNP is thought to play a role in this via an interaction between the U12 snRNA and the branch site sequence of the pre-mRNA." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000348 ! nuclear mRNA branch site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000372 name: Group I intron splicing namespace: biological_process def: "The splicing of Group I introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group I introns and involved in determining the locations of the splice sites (there do not appear to be consensu thes splice site sequences) as well as having a role in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions, generally with exogenous guanosine as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a linear piece (though it may subsequently circularize)." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] comment: Note that Group I introns are known to be found in a number of places: rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA in organelles of fungi, plants, and protists; tRNA and mRNA of bacteria and bacteriophage; rRNA of protists and fungi; and occasionally in mRNA of animal mitochondria (e.g. sea anemone). subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "mRNA splicing" [] is_a: GO:0000376 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with guanosine as nucleophile [Term] id: GO:0000373 name: Group II intron splicing namespace: biological_process def: "The splicing of Group II introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group II introns and containing splice site consensu thes sequences, that is involved in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions (mechanistically similar to those for splicing of nuclear mRNAs) initiated by a bulged adenosine residue within the intron sequence as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a lariat." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] comment: Note that Group II introns are known to be found in a number of places: rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA in organelles of fungi, plants, and protists; and mRNA of bacteria. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "mRNA splicing" [] is_a: GO:0000377 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile [Term] id: GO:0000374 name: Group III intron splicing namespace: biological_process def: "The splicing of Group III introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group III introns, that is involved in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions begun by a bulged adenosine residue within the intron sequence as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a lariat. Though very similar in structure and mechanism to Group II introns, Group III introns are smaller and more streamlined and the splice site consensu thes sequences are not as well conserved." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] comment: Note that Group III introns are known to be found in mRNA of plastids of euglenoid protists. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "mRNA splicing" [] is_a: GO:0000377 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile [Term] id: GO:0000375 name: RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions namespace: biological_process def: "Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008380 ! RNA splicing [Term] id: GO:0000376 name: RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with guanosine as nucleophile namespace: biological_process def: "Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions with exogenous guanosine as the initiating nucleophile." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000375 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions [Term] id: GO:0000377 name: RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile namespace: biological_process def: "Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions with a bulged adenosine residue from the intron branch point as the initiating nucleophile. When the initial RNA for the splicing reaction is a single molecule (cis splicing), the excised intron is released in a lariat structure." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "lariat RNA biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "lariat RNA formation" [] is_a: GO:0000375 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions [Term] id: GO:0000378 name: RNA exon ligation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of joining two exons, each of which has free ends that were generated by endonucleolytic cleavages, by a ligation reaction." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this is not a part of spliceosomal RNA splicing. subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016070 ! RNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0000394 ! RNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation [Term] id: GO:0000379 name: tRNA-type intron splice site recognition and cleavage namespace: biological_process def: "The process of recognition of the tertiary structure of a tRNA type intron and the endonucleolytic cleavage of the RNA at both the 5' and 3' splice sites." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006396 ! RNA processing relationship: part_of GO:0000394 ! RNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation [Term] id: GO:0000380 name: alternative nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "The process of generating multiple mRNA molecules from a given set of exons by differential use of exons from the primary transcript(s) to form multiple mature mRNAs that vary in their exon composition." [GOC:krc, PMID:12110900] comment: Note that this process most commonly occurs in cis, selecting or skipping exons from the same primary transcript, but it has also been observed to occur in trans at low frequency, at least in some mammals. broad_synonym: "splice site selection" [] is_a: GO:0000398 ! nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000381 name: regulation of alternative nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alternative splicing of nuclear mRNAs." [GOC:krc] broad_synonym: "splice site selection" [] is_a: GO:0048024 ! regulation of nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome relationship: part_of GO:0000380 ! alternative nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000382 name: U12-type nuclear mRNA 3'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 3'-splice site by components of the assembling U12-type spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000389 ! nuclear mRNA 3'-splice site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000383 name: U2-type nuclear mRNA 3'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 3'-splice site by components of the assembling U2-type spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000389 ! nuclear mRNA 3'-splice site recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000384 name: first spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the first transesterification reaction of spliceosomal mRNA splicing. The intron branch site adenosine is the nucleophile attacking the 5' splice site, resulting in cleavage at this position. In cis splicing, this is the step that forms a lariat structure of the intron RNA, while it is still joined to the 3' exon." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] narrow_synonym: "lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage" [] is_a: GO:0000385 ! spliceosomal catalysis [Term] id: GO:0000385 name: spliceosomal catalysis namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of a transesterification reaction that is part of spliceosomal mRNA splicing." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0000386 name: second spliceosomal transesterification activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the second transesterification reaction of spliceosomal mRNA splicing. Ligation of the two exons occurs via a transesterification reaction where the free 3'-hydroxyl group of the 5' exon is the nucleophile attacking the 3' splice site. Non-expressed sequences are now detached from the exons. In cis splicing, the intron is in a lariat structure." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] narrow_synonym: "lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage" [] broad_synonym: "3'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation" [] is_a: GO:0000385 ! spliceosomal catalysis [Term] id: GO:0000387 name: spliceosomal snRNP biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The formation and assembly from one or more snRNA and multiple protein components of a ribonucleoprotein complex that in involved in formation of the spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0022613 ! ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000398 ! nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000388 name: spliceosome conformational change to release U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) namespace: biological_process def: "Rearrangement of the pre-catalytic spliceosome containing U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) snRNPs to unpair U4 (or U4atac) from U6 (or U6atac) and release it from the spliceosomal complex along with U1 (or U11)." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "3'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000393 ! spliceosomal conformational changes to generate catalytic conformation [Term] id: GO:0000389 name: nuclear mRNA 3'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 3'-splice site by components of the assembling U12-type spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0006376 ! mRNA splice site selection [Term] id: GO:0000390 name: spliceosome disassembly namespace: biological_process def: "Disassembly of the spliceosome with the ATP-dependent release of the product RNAs, one of which is composed of the joined exons. In cis splicing, the other product is the excised sequence, often a single intron, in a lariat structure." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "spliceosome complex disassembly" [] is_a: GO:0032988 ! protein-RNA complex disassembly relationship: part_of GO:0000398 ! nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000391 name: U2-dependent spliceosome disassembly namespace: biological_process def: "Disassembly of the U2-type spliceosome with the ATP-dependent release of the product RNAs, one of which is composed of the joined exons. The other product is the excised sequence. In cis splicing, this forms a lariat structure." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "U2-type spliceosome disassembly" [] is_a: GO:0000390 ! spliceosome disassembly relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000392 name: U12-dependent spliceosome disassembly namespace: biological_process def: "Disassembly of the U12-type spliceosome with the ATP-dependent release of the RNA composed of the joined exons and the lariat intron RNA." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "U12-type spliceosome disassembly" [] is_a: GO:0000390 ! spliceosome disassembly relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000393 name: spliceosomal conformational changes to generate catalytic conformation namespace: biological_process def: "Structural rearrangements of the spliceosome complex, containing RNA to be spliced, to generate a catalytic conformation." [GOC:krc] broad_synonym: "3'-splice site cleavage, exon ligation" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0000398 ! nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000394 name: RNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation namespace: biological_process def: "Splicing of RNA via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that while typically associated with tRNA splicing, this mechanism of splicing is known to be used for some non-tRNA substrates, e.g. HAC1 (YFL031W) in S. cerevisiae and an intron in the 23S rRNA of the Archaeal species Desulfurococcus mobilis. subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "mRNA splicing" [] is_a: GO:0008380 ! RNA splicing [Term] id: GO:0000395 name: nuclear mRNA 5'-splice site recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Recognition of the intron 5'-splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] exact_synonym: "nuclear mRNA 5' splice site recognition" [] is_a: GO:0006376 ! mRNA splice site selection [Term] id: GO:0000396 name: U2-type spliceosome conformational change to release U4 and U1 namespace: biological_process def: "Rearrangement of the pre-catalytic spliceosome containing U4 and U1 snRNPs to unpair U4 from U6 and release it from the spliceosomal complex along with U1." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] comment: Note that this step represents formation of the A1 complex (yeast) or the B2 complex (mammalian). narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A1 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal A1 complex formation" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B2 complex biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "spliceosomal B2 complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0000388 ! spliceosome conformational change to release U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) relationship: part_of GO:0006374 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000397 name: U12-type spliceosome conformational change to release U4atac and U11 namespace: biological_process def: "Rearrangement of the pre-catalytic spliceosome containing U4atac and U11 snRNPs to unpair U4atac from U6atac and release it from the spliceosomal complex along with U11." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0000388 ! spliceosome conformational change to release U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) relationship: part_of GO:0006375 ! nuclear mRNA splicing via U12-type spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0000398 name: nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome namespace: biological_process def: "The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of nuclear messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0879695897] broad_synonym: "mRNA splicing" [] broad_synonym: "pre-mRNA splicing" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212002 xref_analog: Reactome:221766 xref_analog: Reactome:238383 xref_analog: Reactome:244938 xref_analog: Reactome:249819 xref_analog: Reactome:255735 xref_analog: Reactome:259129 xref_analog: Reactome:262486 xref_analog: Reactome:274165 xref_analog: Reactome:280638 xref_analog: Reactome:286656 xref_analog: Reactome:288338 xref_analog: Reactome:291782 xref_analog: Reactome:293761 xref_analog: Reactome:72172 is_a: GO:0000377 ! RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile is_a: GO:0006397 ! mRNA processing [Term] id: GO:0000399 name: cellular bud neck septin structure namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of a series of septin structures that are localized in the bud neck of a budding fungal cell during the cell cycle." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0032155 ! cell division site part relationship: part_of GO:0005935 ! cellular bud neck [Term] id: GO:0000400 name: four-way junction DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA containing four-way junctions, also known as Holliday junctions, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0815332181, PMID:15563464] exact_synonym: "Holliday junction binding" [] is_a: GO:0000217 ! DNA secondary structure binding [Term] id: GO:0000401 name: open form four-way junction DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA containing the open form of a four-way junction, also known as a Holliday junction, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices. The open form of a four-way junction can be diagrammed without any of the strands crossing over." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0815332181, PMID:15563464] exact_synonym: "open form Holliday junction binding" [] is_a: GO:0000400 ! four-way junction DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000402 name: crossed form four-way junction DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA containing the crossed form of a four-way junction, also known as a Holliday junction, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices. The crossed form of a four-way junction cannot be diagrammed without any of the strands crossing over, and instead contains a single crossover between two of the strands." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0815332181, PMID:15563464] exact_synonym: "crossed form Holliday junction binding" [] is_a: GO:0000400 ! four-way junction DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000403 name: Y-form DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with segment of DNA shaped like a Y. This shape occurs when DNA contains a region of paired double-stranded DNA on one end and a region of unpaired DNA strands on the opposite end." [GOC:elh, PMID:16781730] exact_synonym: "slayed Y-form DNA binding" [] is_a: GO:0000217 ! DNA secondary structure binding [Term] id: GO:0000404 name: loop DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA containing a loop. A loop occurs when DNA contains a large insertion or deletion that causes a region of unpaired single-stranded DNA to loop out, while the rest of the DNA is in a paired double-stranded configuration." [GOC:elh, PMID:16781730] is_a: GO:0000217 ! DNA secondary structure binding is_a: GO:0032135 ! DNA insertion or deletion binding [Term] id: GO:0000405 name: bubble DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selective with DNA that contains a bubble. A bubble occurs when DNA contains an region of unpaired, single-stranded DNA flanked on both sides by regions of paired, double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh, PMID:16781730] is_a: GO:0000217 ! DNA secondary structure binding [Term] id: GO:0000406 name: double-strand/single-strand DNA junction binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a region of DNA that contains double-stranded DNA flanked by a region of single-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh, PMID:16781730] is_a: GO:0000217 ! DNA secondary structure binding [Term] id: GO:0000407 name: pre-autophagosomal structure namespace: cellular_component def: "A punctate structure localized in the vicinity of the vacuole that is required for the formation of autophagosomes." [GOC:elh, PMID:11689437, PMID:12048214, PMID:12554655] exact_synonym: "PAS" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000408 name: EKC/KEOPS protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex proposed to be involved in transcription as well as promoting telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. For example, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Bud32p, Kae1p, Gon7p, Cgi121p, and Pcc1p." [GOC:elh, PMID:16564010, PMID:16874308] exact_synonym: "Endopeptidase-like Kinase Chromatin-associated protein complex" [] exact_synonym: "Kinase, putative Endopeptidase and Other Proteins of Small size protein complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000409 name: regulation of transcription by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that modulates the frequency, rate or extent or transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0045990 ! regulation of transcription by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000410 name: negative regulation of transcription by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of transcription." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription by galactose" [] is_a: GO:0000409 ! regulation of transcription by galactose is_a: GO:0045013 ! negative regulation of transcription by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000411 name: positive regulation of transcription by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that activates or increases the rate of transcription." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription by galactose" [] is_a: GO:0000409 ! regulation of transcription by galactose is_a: GO:0045991 ! positive regulation of transcription by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000412 name: histone peptidyl-prolyl isomerization namespace: biological_process def: "The modification of a histone by cis-trans isomerization of a proline residue." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "histone proline isomerization" [] is_a: GO:0000413 ! protein peptidyl-prolyl isomerization is_a: GO:0016570 ! histone modification [Term] id: GO:0000413 name: protein peptidyl-prolyl isomerization namespace: biological_process def: "The modification of a protein by cis-trans isomerization of a proline residue." [GOC:krc, PMID:16959570] exact_synonym: "protein proline isomerization" [] is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0000414 name: regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 36 of histone H3." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0031060 ! regulation of histone methylation is_a: GO:0051568 ! histone H3-K4 methylation [Term] id: GO:0000415 name: negative regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 36 of histone H3." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "down regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] is_a: GO:0000414 ! regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation [Term] id: GO:0000416 name: positive regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 36 of histone H3." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "up regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of histone H3-K36 methylation" [] is_a: GO:0000414 ! regulation of histone H3-K36 methylation [Term] id: GO:0000417 name: HIR complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex proposed to be involved in replication-indepdent chromatin assembly. For example, in Saccharomyces, the complex contains Hir1p, Hir2p, Hir3p, and Hpc2p." [GOC:elh, PMID:16303565] is_a: GO:0005678 ! chromatin assembly complex [Term] id: GO:0000418 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase IV complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase IV is a multisubunit RNA polymerase complex found in the nucleus of plants and involved in accumulation of siRNAs and in DNA methylation-dependent silencing of endogenous repeated sequences. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The IVa and IVb complexes contain different forms of the largest subunit. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15692015, PMID:15766525, PMID:16140984] is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part is_a: GO:0055029 ! nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0000419 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase IVb complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase IVb is a multisubunit RNA polymerase complex found in the nucleus of plants and involved in accumulation of siRNAs and in DNA methylation-dependent silencing of endogenous repeated sequences. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The second largest subunit is also found in RNA polymerase IVa, while the largest subunit is found only in the IVa complex and contains an extended C-terminal domain (CTD) that includes multiple repeats of a 16 amino-acid consensu thes sequence as well as other sequences. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:16140984] is_a: GO:0000418 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase IV complex [Term] id: GO:0000420 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase IVa complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase IVa is a multisubunit RNA polymerase complex found in the nucleus of plants and involved in accumulation of siRNAs and in DNA methylation-dependent silencing of endogenous repeated sequences. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The second largest subunit is also found in RNA polymerase IVb, while the largest subunit is found only in the IVa complex. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15692015, PMID:15766525, PMID:16140984] is_a: GO:0000418 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase IV complex [Term] id: GO:0000421 name: autophagic vacuole membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an autophagic vacuole, a double-membrane bound vesicle in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "autophagosome membrane" [] is_a: GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005776 ! autophagic vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000422 name: mitochondrion degradation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions, autophagy of mitochondria." [PMID:15798367] exact_synonym: "mitophagy" [] is_a: GO:0006914 ! autophagy [Term] id: GO:0000423 name: macromitophagy namespace: biological_process def: "Degradation of a mitochondrion by macroautophagy." [PMID:15798367] is_a: GO:0000422 ! mitochondrion degradation is_a: GO:0016236 ! macroautophagy [Term] id: GO:0000424 name: micromitophagy namespace: biological_process def: "Degradation of a mitochondrion by microautophagy." [PMID:15798367] is_a: GO:0000422 ! mitochondrion degradation is_a: GO:0016237 ! microautophagy [Term] id: GO:0000425 name: macropexophagy namespace: biological_process def: "Degradation of a peroxisome by macropexophagy." [PMID:12914914, PMID:16973210] is_a: GO:0016236 ! macroautophagy is_a: GO:0030242 ! peroxisome degradation [Term] id: GO:0000426 name: micropexophagy namespace: biological_process def: "Degradation of a peroxisome by micropexophagy." [PMID:12914914, PMID:16973210] is_a: GO:0016237 ! microautophagy is_a: GO:0030242 ! peroxisome degradation [Term] id: GO:0000427 name: plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerases are plastid-encoded DNA-directed RNA polymerases that resemble eubacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases with a core composed of alpha, beta, and beta-prime subunits. Some forms contain multiple additional subunits. An additional sigma factor subunit is required for promoter recognition." [GOC:krc, GOC:pj] is_a: GO:0000428 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044435 ! plastid part [Term] id: GO:0000428 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0030880 ! RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0000429 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving carbon catabolites that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0045990 ! regulation of transcription by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000430 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving glucose that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0000429 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites is_a: GO:0046015 ! regulation of transcription by glucose [Term] id: GO:0000431 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0000409 ! regulation of transcription by galactose is_a: GO:0000429 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000432 name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving glucose that activates or increases the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] is_a: GO:0000430 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose is_a: GO:0000436 ! positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites is_a: GO:0046016 ! positive regulation of transcription by glucose [Term] id: GO:0000433 name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving glucose that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose" [] is_a: GO:0000430 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose is_a: GO:0000437 ! negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites is_a: GO:0045014 ! negative regulation of transcription by glucose [Term] id: GO:0000434 name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] is_a: GO:0000410 ! negative regulation of transcription by galactose is_a: GO:0000431 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose is_a: GO:0000437 ! negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000435 name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving galactose that activates or increases the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose" [] is_a: GO:0000411 ! positive regulation of transcription by galactose is_a: GO:0000431 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose is_a: GO:0000436 ! positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000436 name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving carbon catabolites that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] is_a: GO:0000429 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites is_a: GO:0045944 ! positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0000437 name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving carbon catabolites that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:krc] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites" [] is_a: GO:0000122 ! negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0000429 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by carbon catabolites [Term] id: GO:0000438 name: core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The core TFIIH complex when it is part of the general transcription factor TFIIH. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4. In humans, it is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0000439 ! core TFIIH complex relationship: part_of GO:0000443 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex [Term] id: GO:0000439 name: core TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that contains kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of the 5-subunit core (Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4), Ssl2p, and TFIIK (Kin28p, Ccl1p, and Tfb3p). All of the subunits have equivalents in humans: the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34; the equivalent of the TFIIK subcomplex is composed of MO15, Mat1, and a cyclin; the human equivalent of Ssl2p is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex relationship: part_of GO:0000441 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex [Term] id: GO:0000440 name: core TFIIH complex portion of NEF3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The core TFIIH complex when it is part of the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 (NEF3). In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4. In humans, it is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0000439 ! core TFIIH complex relationship: part_of GO:0000442 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of NEF3 complex [Term] id: GO:0000441 name: SSL2-core TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex which is part of both the general transcription factor TFIIH and the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex. It is composed of the tightly associated 5 subunit core TFIIH subcomplex plus one additional, more loosely associated subunit. The subunits are well conserved from yeast to humans. In S. cerevisiae, the 5-subunit core is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4 and the loosely associated subunit is Ssl2p (also called Rad25). In humans, the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34 and the loosely associated subunit is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0000442 name: SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of NEF3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The SSL2-core TFIIH complex when it is part of the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 (NEF3). It is composed of the tightly associated 5 subunit core TFIIH subcomplex plus one additional, less tighly associated subunit. The subunits are well conserved from yeast to humans. In S. cerevisiae, the 5-subunit core is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4 and the loosely associated subunit is Ssl2p (also called Rad25). In humans, the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34 and the loosely associated subunit is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0000441 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex relationship: part_of GO:0000112 ! nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex [Term] id: GO:0000443 name: SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The SSL2-core TFIIH complex when it is part of the general transcription factor TFIIH. It is composed of the tightly associated five subunit core TFIIH subcomplex plus one additional, less tighly associated subunit. The subunits are well conserved from yeast to humans. In S. cerevisiae, the 5-subunit core is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4 and the loosely associated subunit is Ssl2p (also called Rad25). In humans, the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34 and the loosely associated subunit is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0000441 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex relationship: part_of GO:0005675 ! holo TFIIH complex [Term] id: GO:0000500 name: RNA polymerase I upstream activating factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrrn5p, Rrn9p, Rrn10p, histones H3 and H4, and Uaf30p." [PMID:11500378] broad_synonym: "UAF" [] is_a: GO:0000120 ! RNA polymerase I transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000501 name: flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Mannose-sensitive, nonsexual aggregation of cells mediated by protein-carbohydrate (flocculin-mannan) interaction present in the cell wall. This process is pH- and calcium-dependent and reversible." [DOI:10.1016/S0963-9969(99)00021-6, GOC:sgd_curators] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "flocculation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000128 ! flocculation [Term] id: GO:0000502 name: proteasome complex (sensu Eukaryota) namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation. This complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and the regulatory particle that caps the proteasome core complex. As in, but not restricted to, the eukaryotes (Eukaryota, ncbi_taxonomy_id:2759)." [GOC:rb] narrow_synonym: "26S proteasome" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000503 name: proteasome core complex (sensu Bacteria) namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit, barrel shaped protease complex. This complex consists of fourteen subunits of two distinct but related polypeptides. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Bacteria (Bacteria, ncbi_taxonomy_id:2)." [GOC:rb] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "26S proteasome" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0000504 name: proteasome regulatory particle (sensu Bacteria) namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the core complex in an ATP dependent manner. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Bacteria (Bacteria, ncbi_taxonomy_id:2)." [GOC:rb] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "26S proteasome" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0000506 name: glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT) complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to an acceptor phosphatidylinositol, the first step in the production of GPI anchors for cell surface proteins. The complex contains PIG-A, PIG-C, PIG-H, PIG-Q, PIG-P, and DPM2 in human, and Eri1p, Gpi1p, Gpi2p, Gpi15p, Gpi19p, and Spt14p in budding yeast." [GOC:kp, GOC:rb, PMID:10944123, PMID:15163411] comment: Note that this term should not be confused with 'GPI-anchor transamidase complex ; GO:0042765', which represents a distinct complex with a different catalytic activity. exact_synonym: "GPI-GlcNAc transferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "GPI-GnT complex" [] exact_synonym: "GPI-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part [Term] id: GO:0000507 name: 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine." [EC:2.3.1.23] exact_synonym: "1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acyltransferase" [] exact_synonym: "lysolecithin acyltransferase" [] exact_synonym: "lysophosphatide acyltransferase" [] exact_synonym: "lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.23 is_a: GO:0008415 ! acyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000508 name: Rpd3L complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit histone deacetylase complex that is involved in transcriptional regulation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Pho23p, Sap30p, Sds3p, Cti6p, Rxt2p, Rxt3p, Dep1p, Ume6p and Ash1p." [GOC:rb, PMID:16286008, PMID:16314178] exact_synonym: "Rpd3C(L)" [] is_a: GO:0000118 ! histone deacetylase complex [Term] id: GO:0000509 name: Rpd3S complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit histone deacetylase complex that is involved in intragenic transcription repression through histone deacetylation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Rco1p and Eaf3." [GOC:rb, PMID:16286007, PMID:16286008] exact_synonym: "Rpd3C(S)" [] is_a: GO:0000118 ! histone deacetylase complex [Term] id: GO:0000578 name: embryonic axis specification namespace: biological_process def: "Axis specification in the embryo." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "embryonic axis determination" [] is_a: GO:0009798 ! axis specification is_a: GO:0009880 ! embryonic pattern specification [Term] id: GO:0000700 name: mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the removal of single bases present in mismatches by the cleavage the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:9224623] is_a: GO:0019104 ! DNA N-glycosylase activity [Term] id: GO:0000701 name: purine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the removal of purines present in mismatches, especially opposite oxidized purines, by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:9224623] narrow_synonym: "A/G-specific adenine DNA glycosylase activity" [] is_a: GO:0000700 ! mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity [Term] id: GO:0000702 name: oxidized base lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the removal of oxidized bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:11554296] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019104 ! DNA N-glycosylase activity [Term] id: GO:0000703 name: oxidized pyrimidine base lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0019004 def: "Catalysis of the formation of a covalent enzyme-pyrimidine base intermediate. Release of the enzyme and free base by a beta-elimination or a beta, gamma-elimination mechanism results in the cleavage of the DNA backbone 3' of the apyrimidinic (AP) site. Enzymes with this activity recognize and remove oxidized pyrimidine bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the oxidized pyrimidine and the deoxyribose sugar." [GOC:elh, PMID:11554296] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "endodeoxyribonuclease III" [] related_synonym: "endonuclease III" [] related_synonym: "endonuclease VIII activity" [] related_synonym: "pyrimidine-specific oxidized base lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity" [] broad_synonym: "bifunctional DNA glycosylase" [] broad_synonym: "DNA glycosylase/AP-lyase" [] broad_synonym: "DNA glycosylase/beta-lyase" [] xref_analog: Reactome:25087 is_a: GO:0000702 ! oxidized base lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity is_a: GO:0003906 ! DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity is_a: GO:0004520 ! endodeoxyribonuclease activity [Term] id: GO:0000704 name: pyrimidine dimer DNA N-glycosylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the removal of pyrimidine dimers by removing the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and leaves an apurinic (AP) site. The reaction involves the formation of a covalent enzyme substrate intermediate. Release of the enzyme and free base by a beta-elimination or a beta, gamma-elimination mechanism results in the cleavage of the DNA backbone 3' of the apyrimidinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:9224623] is_a: GO:0003906 ! DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity is_a: GO:0004520 ! endodeoxyribonuclease activity is_a: GO:0019104 ! DNA N-glycosylase activity [Term] id: GO:0000705 name: achiasmate meiosis I namespace: biological_process def: "The first division of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other, occurring in the constitutive absence of chiasmata." [GOC:elh, GOC:sart, PMID:10690419] is_a: GO:0007127 ! meiosis I [Term] id: GO:0000706 name: meiotic DNA double-strand break processing namespace: biological_process def: "The cell cycle process whereby the 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang occurs. This takes place during meiosis." [GOC:elh, PMID:9334324] is_a: GO:0000729 ! DNA double-strand break processing is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000707 name: meiotic DNA recombinase assembly namespace: biological_process def: "During meiosis, the assembly of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh, PMID:11459983] is_a: GO:0000730 ! DNA recombinase assembly is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000708 name: meiotic strand invasion namespace: biological_process def: "The cell cycle process whereby the nucleoprotein complex (composed of the broken single-strand DNA and the recombinase) searches and identifies a region of homology in intact duplex DNA. The broken single-strand DNA displaces the like strand and forms Watson-Crick base pairs with its complement, forming a duplex in which each strand is from one of the two recombining DNA molecules. This occurs during meiosis." [GOC:elh, PMID:10915877] related_synonym: "meiotic D-loop biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "meiotic D-loop formation" [] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process is_a: GO:0042148 ! strand invasion relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000709 name: meiotic joint molecule formation namespace: biological_process def: "The conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule. These joint molecules contain Holliday junctions on either side of heteroduplex DNA." [GOC:elh, PMID:8521495] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000710 name: meiotic mismatch repair namespace: biological_process def: "A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules. Correction of the mismatch can result in non-Mendelian segregation of alleles following meiosis." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] is_a: GO:0006298 ! mismatch repair is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000711 name: meiotic DNA repair synthesis namespace: biological_process def: "During meiosis, the synthesis of DNA proceeding from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end that uses the homologous intact duplex as the template." [GOC:elh, PMID:9334324] is_a: GO:0000731 ! DNA synthesis during DNA repair is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000712 name: resolution of meiotic joint molecules as recombinants namespace: biological_process def: "The cleavage and rejoining of Holliday junctions to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged." [GOC:elh, PMID:11733053] related_synonym: "meiotic homologous chromosome separation" [] exact_synonym: "homologous chromosome separation at meiosis I" [] narrow_synonym: "crossover biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "crossover formation" [] narrow_synonym: "formation of chiasmata" [] is_a: GO:0051307 ! meiotic chromosome separation relationship: part_of GO:0007131 ! meiotic recombination relationship: part_of GO:0045143 ! homologous chromosome segregation [Term] id: GO:0000713 name: meiotic heteroduplex formation namespace: biological_process def: "During meiosis, the formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules." [GOC:elh, PMID:9334324] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process is_a: GO:0030491 ! heteroduplex formation relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion [Term] id: GO:0000714 name: meiotic strand displacement namespace: biological_process def: "The cell cycle process whereby the broken 3' single-strand DNA molecule that formed heteroduplex DNA with its complement in an intact duplex DNA is rejected. The Watson-Crick base pairing in the original duplex is restored. The rejected 3' single-strand DNA molecule reanneals with its original complement to reform two intact duplex molecules. This occurs during meiosis." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] is_a: GO:0000732 ! strand displacement is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0006311 ! meiotic gene conversion [Term] id: GO:0000715 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The identification of lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "pyrimidine-dimer repair, DNA damage recognition" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211942 xref_analog: Reactome:221707 xref_analog: Reactome:230290 xref_analog: Reactome:238329 xref_analog: Reactome:244887 xref_analog: Reactome:249779 xref_analog: Reactome:252522 xref_analog: Reactome:255701 xref_analog: Reactome:259092 xref_analog: Reactome:262453 xref_analog: Reactome:265289 xref_analog: Reactome:268410 xref_analog: Reactome:274127 xref_analog: Reactome:280600 xref_analog: Reactome:286618 xref_analog: Reactome:73940 is_a: GO:0007001 ! chromosome organization and biogenesis (sensu Eukaryota) relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000716 name: transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The identification of lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex as well as a small subset of lesions not recognized by the general nucleotide-excision repair pathway." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "pyrimidine-dimer repair, DNA damage recognition" [] xref_analog: Reactome:109972 xref_analog: Reactome:210886 xref_analog: Reactome:220729 xref_analog: Reactome:229402 xref_analog: Reactome:237442 xref_analog: Reactome:244172 xref_analog: Reactome:249214 xref_analog: Reactome:252110 xref_analog: Reactome:255302 xref_analog: Reactome:258636 xref_analog: Reactome:262040 xref_analog: Reactome:264803 xref_analog: Reactome:267995 xref_analog: Reactome:273565 xref_analog: Reactome:280034 xref_analog: Reactome:282629 xref_analog: Reactome:286146 xref_analog: Reactome:288025 is_a: GO:0000715 ! nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006283 ! transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000717 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding namespace: biological_process def: "The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:208565 xref_analog: Reactome:218172 xref_analog: Reactome:235389 xref_analog: Reactome:242666 xref_analog: Reactome:247842 xref_analog: Reactome:251415 xref_analog: Reactome:254509 xref_analog: Reactome:257677 xref_analog: Reactome:261330 xref_analog: Reactome:272410 xref_analog: Reactome:278451 xref_analog: Reactome:73934 is_a: GO:0032508 ! DNA duplex unwinding relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000718 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal namespace: biological_process def: "The removal of the oligonucleotide that contains the DNA damage. The oligonucleotide is formed by dual incisions that flank the site of DNA damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211584 xref_analog: Reactome:221360 xref_analog: Reactome:238017 xref_analog: Reactome:244631 xref_analog: Reactome:249570 xref_analog: Reactome:252375 xref_analog: Reactome:255531 xref_analog: Reactome:258905 xref_analog: Reactome:262280 xref_analog: Reactome:273941 xref_analog: Reactome:280420 xref_analog: Reactome:73941 is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000719 name: photoreactive repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers by directly reversing the damage to restore the original pyrimidines." [GOC:elh, PMID:10915863] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "pyrimidine-dimer repair by photolyase" [] is_a: GO:0006290 ! pyrimidine dimer repair [Term] id: GO:0000720 name: pyrimidine dimer repair via nucleotide-excision repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T, and C-C dimers by the recognition and removal of the damaged DNA strand from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that the repair of pyrimidine dimers by nucleotide excision repair involves the same gene products that are involved in general nucleotide excision repair. Consider also annotating to the biological process term 'nucleotide-excision repair ; GO:0006289' and its children. subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair is_a: GO:0006290 ! pyrimidine dimer repair [Term] id: GO:0000721 name: (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reversible reaction: (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.4] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "D-aminopropanol dehydrogenase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:(R\,R)-BUTANEDIOL-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0000722 name: telomere maintenance via recombination namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance of proper telomeric length by recombinational processes." [GOC:elh, PMID:11850777] related_synonym: "telomerase-independent telomere maintenance" [] xref_analog: Reactome:174411 xref_analog: Reactome:174414 xref_analog: Reactome:174417 xref_analog: Reactome:174425 xref_analog: Reactome:174427 xref_analog: Reactome:174430 xref_analog: Reactome:174437 xref_analog: Reactome:174438 xref_analog: Reactome:174439 xref_analog: Reactome:174441 xref_analog: Reactome:174444 xref_analog: Reactome:174445 xref_analog: Reactome:174446 xref_analog: Reactome:174447 xref_analog: Reactome:174448 xref_analog: Reactome:174451 xref_analog: Reactome:174452 xref_analog: Reactome:174456 xref_analog: Reactome:208435 xref_analog: Reactome:208569 xref_analog: Reactome:208585 xref_analog: Reactome:209382 xref_analog: Reactome:210707 xref_analog: Reactome:210851 xref_analog: Reactome:210855 xref_analog: Reactome:210872 xref_analog: Reactome:210874 xref_analog: Reactome:210929 xref_analog: Reactome:211161 xref_analog: Reactome:211769 xref_analog: Reactome:211798 xref_analog: Reactome:211806 xref_analog: Reactome:211909 xref_analog: Reactome:211927 xref_analog: Reactome:218009 xref_analog: Reactome:218176 xref_analog: Reactome:218192 xref_analog: Reactome:219128 xref_analog: Reactome:220598 xref_analog: Reactome:220701 xref_analog: Reactome:220705 xref_analog: Reactome:220722 xref_analog: Reactome:220724 xref_analog: Reactome:220777 xref_analog: Reactome:221006 xref_analog: Reactome:221537 xref_analog: Reactome:221562 xref_analog: Reactome:221570 xref_analog: Reactome:221673 xref_analog: Reactome:221693 xref_analog: Reactome:235265 xref_analog: Reactome:235393 xref_analog: Reactome:235406 xref_analog: Reactome:236130 xref_analog: Reactome:237249 xref_analog: Reactome:237405 xref_analog: Reactome:237419 xref_analog: Reactome:237421 xref_analog: Reactome:237685 xref_analog: Reactome:238179 xref_analog: Reactome:238200 xref_analog: Reactome:238208 xref_analog: Reactome:238299 xref_analog: Reactome:238317 xref_analog: Reactome:243289 xref_analog: Reactome:244165 xref_analog: Reactome:244167 xref_analog: Reactome:244377 xref_analog: Reactome:244820 xref_analog: Reactome:244881 xref_analog: Reactome:244981 xref_analog: Reactome:248384 xref_analog: Reactome:249207 xref_analog: Reactome:249209 xref_analog: Reactome:249344 xref_analog: Reactome:249717 xref_analog: Reactome:249772 xref_analog: Reactome:249859 xref_analog: Reactome:251385 xref_analog: Reactome:251419 xref_analog: Reactome:251431 xref_analog: Reactome:252037 xref_analog: Reactome:252098 xref_analog: Reactome:252236 xref_analog: Reactome:252452 xref_analog: Reactome:252458 xref_analog: Reactome:252463 xref_analog: Reactome:252504 xref_analog: Reactome:252515 xref_analog: Reactome:254797 xref_analog: Reactome:255295 xref_analog: Reactome:255297 xref_analog: Reactome:255384 xref_analog: Reactome:255652 xref_analog: Reactome:255693 xref_analog: Reactome:255770 xref_analog: Reactome:257640 xref_analog: Reactome:257680 xref_analog: Reactome:257692 xref_analog: Reactome:258055 xref_analog: Reactome:258545 xref_analog: Reactome:258619 xref_analog: Reactome:258629 xref_analog: Reactome:258631 xref_analog: Reactome:258735 xref_analog: Reactome:258999 xref_analog: Reactome:259011 xref_analog: Reactome:259016 xref_analog: Reactome:259072 xref_analog: Reactome:259085 xref_analog: Reactome:261295 xref_analog: Reactome:261335 xref_analog: Reactome:261347 xref_analog: Reactome:261619 xref_analog: Reactome:261958 xref_analog: Reactome:262023 xref_analog: Reactome:262033 xref_analog: Reactome:262035 xref_analog: Reactome:262150 xref_analog: Reactome:262369 xref_analog: Reactome:262380 xref_analog: Reactome:262385 xref_analog: Reactome:262432 xref_analog: Reactome:262446 xref_analog: Reactome:264182 xref_analog: Reactome:264215 xref_analog: Reactome:264228 xref_analog: Reactome:264509 xref_analog: Reactome:264790 xref_analog: Reactome:264796 xref_analog: Reactome:264798 xref_analog: Reactome:264965 xref_analog: Reactome:265210 xref_analog: Reactome:265220 xref_analog: Reactome:265224 xref_analog: Reactome:265272 xref_analog: Reactome:265280 xref_analog: Reactome:267581 xref_analog: Reactome:267988 xref_analog: Reactome:267990 xref_analog: Reactome:268086 xref_analog: Reactome:268377 xref_analog: Reactome:268401 xref_analog: Reactome:268477 xref_analog: Reactome:272370 xref_analog: Reactome:272413 xref_analog: Reactome:272427 xref_analog: Reactome:272964 xref_analog: Reactome:273486 xref_analog: Reactome:273542 xref_analog: Reactome:273558 xref_analog: Reactome:273560 xref_analog: Reactome:273723 xref_analog: Reactome:274037 xref_analog: Reactome:274052 xref_analog: Reactome:274057 xref_analog: Reactome:274106 xref_analog: Reactome:274119 xref_analog: Reactome:278371 xref_analog: Reactome:278480 xref_analog: Reactome:278492 xref_analog: Reactome:279401 xref_analog: Reactome:279950 xref_analog: Reactome:280009 xref_analog: Reactome:280027 xref_analog: Reactome:280029 xref_analog: Reactome:280175 xref_analog: Reactome:280515 xref_analog: Reactome:280528 xref_analog: Reactome:280533 xref_analog: Reactome:280579 xref_analog: Reactome:280592 xref_analog: Reactome:282237 xref_analog: Reactome:282625 xref_analog: Reactome:282822 xref_analog: Reactome:282880 xref_analog: Reactome:285566 xref_analog: Reactome:286139 xref_analog: Reactome:286141 xref_analog: Reactome:286258 xref_analog: Reactome:286574 xref_analog: Reactome:286609 xref_analog: Reactome:286692 xref_analog: Reactome:287887 xref_analog: Reactome:288018 xref_analog: Reactome:288020 xref_analog: Reactome:288080 xref_analog: Reactome:288292 xref_analog: Reactome:288306 xref_analog: Reactome:288360 is_a: GO:0000723 ! telomere maintenance is_a: GO:0006312 ! mitotic recombination [Term] id: GO:0000723 name: telomere maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by processes that affect and monitor the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. These processes includes those that shorten and lengthen the telomeric DNA sequences." [GOC:elh, PMID:11092831] xref_analog: Reactome:171306 xref_analog: Reactome:176702 xref_analog: Reactome:207366 xref_analog: Reactome:211833 xref_analog: Reactome:216958 xref_analog: Reactome:221598 xref_analog: Reactome:234482 xref_analog: Reactome:251274 xref_analog: Reactome:257471 xref_analog: Reactome:261145 xref_analog: Reactome:264065 xref_analog: Reactome:272144 xref_analog: Reactome:278133 is_a: GO:0032200 ! telomere organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000724 name: double-strand break repair via homologous recombination namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0016924 def: "The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "homologous recombinational repair" [] exact_synonym: "HRR" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212096 xref_analog: Reactome:221855 xref_analog: Reactome:230426 xref_analog: Reactome:238484 xref_analog: Reactome:245027 xref_analog: Reactome:249917 xref_analog: Reactome:252628 xref_analog: Reactome:255811 xref_analog: Reactome:259208 xref_analog: Reactome:262566 xref_analog: Reactome:265387 xref_analog: Reactome:268519 xref_analog: Reactome:274245 xref_analog: Reactome:280711 xref_analog: Reactome:282918 xref_analog: Reactome:286734 xref_analog: Reactome:288398 xref_analog: Reactome:289894 xref_analog: Reactome:290425 xref_analog: Reactome:73888 is_a: GO:0000725 ! recombinational repair is_a: GO:0006302 ! double-strand break repair [Term] id: GO:0000725 name: recombinational repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of damaged DNA that involves the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair is_a: GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000726 name: non-recombinational repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of damaged DNA that does not require the exchange of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000727 name: double-strand break repair via break-induced replication namespace: biological_process def: "The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the centromere-proximal end of a broken chromosome searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template, and progresses to the end of the chromosome." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000724 ! double-strand break repair via homologous recombination [Term] id: GO:0000728 name: gene conversion at mating-type locus, DNA double-strand break formation namespace: biological_process def: "The site-specific endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA at the mating-type locus which initiates the conversion of one mating-type allele to another." [GOC:elh, PMID:7646483] is_a: GO:0000737 ! DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0007534 ! gene conversion at mating-type locus [Term] id: GO:0000729 name: DNA double-strand break processing namespace: biological_process def: "The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang." [PMID:10357855] xref_analog: Reactome:83897 is_a: GO:0000738 ! DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0045002 ! double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing relationship: part_of GO:0045003 ! double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing [Term] id: GO:0000730 name: DNA recombinase assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA." [PMID:10357855] xref_analog: Reactome:211670 xref_analog: Reactome:221441 xref_analog: Reactome:230072 xref_analog: Reactome:238093 xref_analog: Reactome:244700 xref_analog: Reactome:249618 xref_analog: Reactome:252414 xref_analog: Reactome:255573 xref_analog: Reactome:258948 xref_analog: Reactome:262322 xref_analog: Reactome:265171 xref_analog: Reactome:268300 xref_analog: Reactome:273989 xref_analog: Reactome:280468 xref_analog: Reactome:282782 xref_analog: Reactome:286488 xref_analog: Reactome:288247 xref_analog: Reactome:289793 xref_analog: Reactome:290347 xref_analog: Reactome:76000 is_a: GO:0006461 ! protein complex assembly is_a: GO:0065004 ! protein-DNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0007534 ! gene conversion at mating-type locus relationship: part_of GO:0045003 ! double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing [Term] id: GO:0000731 name: DNA synthesis during DNA repair namespace: biological_process def: "Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end uses the homologous intact duplex as the template." [PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "DNA repair synthesis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:76011 is_a: GO:0006260 ! DNA replication relationship: part_of GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000732 name: strand displacement namespace: biological_process def: "The rejection of the broken 3' single-strand DNA molecule that formed heteroduplex DNA with its complement in an intact duplex DNA. The Watson-Crick base pairing in the original duplex is restored. The rejected 3' single-strand DNA molecule reanneals with its original complement to reform two intact duplex molecules." [PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:83663 is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0045003 ! double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing [Term] id: GO:0000733 name: DNA strand renaturation namespace: biological_process def: "The identification and annealing of complementary base pairs in single-strand DNA." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0045002 ! double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing [Term] id: GO:0000734 name: gene conversion at mating-type locus, DNA repair synthesis namespace: biological_process def: "Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end uses the homologous intact duplex as the template during gene conversion at the mating-type locus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000731 ! DNA synthesis during DNA repair relationship: part_of GO:0007534 ! gene conversion at mating-type locus [Term] id: GO:0000735 name: removal of nonhomologous ends namespace: biological_process def: "The removal of nonhomologous sequences at the broken 3' single-strand DNA end before DNA repair synthesis can occur." [PMID:10357855] is_a: GO:0000737 ! DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0007534 ! gene conversion at mating-type locus [Term] id: GO:0000736 name: double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing, removal of nonhomologous ends namespace: biological_process def: "During DSBR via single-strand annealing, the removal of nonhomologous sequences at the broken 3' single-strand DNA end before DNA repair synthesis can occur." [PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000737 ! DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0045002 ! double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing [Term] id: GO:0000737 name: DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic namespace: biological_process def: "The hydrolysis of internal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of deoxyribonucleotides." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA breakdown, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "DNA degradation, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "endonucleolytic degradation of DNA" [] is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000738 name: DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic namespace: biological_process def: "The hydrolysis of terminal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of deoxyribonucleotides." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA breakdown, exonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "DNA degradation, exonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "exonucleolytic degradation of DNA" [] is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000739 name: DNA strand annealing activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Facilitates the base-pairing of complementary single-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0003690 ! double-stranded DNA binding is_a: GO:0003697 ! single-stranded DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0000740 name: nuclear membrane fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0006944 ! membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0000741 name: karyogamy namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007335 def: "The creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei." [GOC:elh] exact_synonym: "nuclear fusion" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear fusion during karyogamy" [] is_a: GO:0048284 ! organelle fusion relationship: part_of GO:0006997 ! nuclear organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000742 name: karyogamy during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after cytogamy." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000741 ! karyogamy relationship: part_of GO:0000747 ! conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000743 name: nuclear migration during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0006946 def: "The net movement of nuclei towards one another as a prelude to karyogamy in organisms undergoing conjugation with cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] broad_synonym: "nuclear congression" [] is_a: GO:0030473 ! nuclear migration, microtubule-mediated relationship: part_of GO:0000742 ! karyogamy during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000744 name: karyogamy during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after the mutual exchange of nuclei." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000741 ! karyogamy relationship: part_of GO:0000748 ! conjugation with mutual genetic exchange [Term] id: GO:0000745 name: nuclear migration during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The net movement of nuclei towards one another, leading to the bilateral transfer of genetic material in organisms undergoing conjugation without cellular fusion." [GOC:clt, GOC:mah] related_synonym: "nuclear exchange during conjugation without cellular fusion" [] is_a: GO:0007097 ! nuclear migration relationship: part_of GO:0000744 ! karyogamy during conjugation without cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000746 name: conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "The union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0000747 name: conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007322 alt_id: GO:0007333 alt_id: GO:0030461 alt_id: GO:0030477 def: "The processes that result in the union of cellular and genetic information from compatible mating types." [GOC:elh] narrow_synonym: "cell fusion (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "conjugation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "conjugation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "mating (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "mating (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000746 ! conjugation is_a: GO:0019953 ! sexual reproduction is_a: GO:0022413 ! reproductive process in single-celled organism [Term] id: GO:0000748 name: conjugation with mutual genetic exchange namespace: biological_process def: "The processes that result in the mutual exchange and union of only genetic information between compatible mating types. Conjugation without cellular fusion requires direct cellular contact between the organisms without plasma membrane fusion. The organisms involved in conjugation without cellular fusion separate after nuclear exchange." [GOC:elh] exact_synonym: "conjugation without cellular fusion" [] is_a: GO:0000746 ! conjugation is_a: GO:0022413 ! reproductive process in single-celled organism [Term] id: GO:0000749 name: response to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007328 alt_id: GO:0030434 def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus during the process of conjugation with cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] narrow_synonym: "pheromone response (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "pheromone response (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone relationship: part_of GO:0000747 ! conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000750 name: pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007330 alt_id: GO:0030454 def: "The processes involving the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] related_synonym: "activation of MAPK (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPK (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKK (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKK (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] related_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] related_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] related_synonym: "nuclear translocation of MAPK (mating sensu Fungi)" [] related_synonym: "nuclear translocation of MAPK (mating sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "signal transduction of mating signal (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "transduction of mating signal (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0032005 ! signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion relationship: part_of GO:0000749 ! response to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000751 name: cell cycle arrest in response to pheromone namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0030571 def: "The processes that lead to a halt in cell cycle progression (cessation of cell cycle transitions) as a result of a pheromone stimulus." [GOC:clt] related_synonym: "cell cycle arrest (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0007050 ! cell cycle arrest relationship: part_of GO:0000749 ! response to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000752 name: agglutination during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007334 def: "During conjugation with cellular fusion, the aggregation or adhesion of compatible mating types via complementary cell-cell interactions." [GOC:elh] exact_synonym: "cell-cell adhesion during conjugation with cellular fusion" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell adhesion during mating" [] narrow_synonym: "agglutination (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000771 ! agglutination relationship: part_of GO:0000749 ! response to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000753 name: cellular morphogenesis during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007332 def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo conjugation cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] narrow_synonym: "shmoo orientation" [] narrow_synonym: "shmooing" [] is_a: GO:0000767 ! cellular morphogenesis during conjugation relationship: part_of GO:0000749 ! response to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000754 name: adaptation to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007331 alt_id: GO:0030453 def: "In organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion, the processes involved in desensitization following exposure to pheromone stimulus that act to down-regulate further stimulation or block initial conjugation responses." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "desensitization to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion" [] narrow_synonym: "adaptation to mating signal (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "adaptation to mating signal (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone is_a: GO:0022401 ! adaptation of signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0000747 ! conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000755 name: cytogamy namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0000218 alt_id: GO:0030462 def: "During conjugation with cellular fusion, the processes involved in creating a single cell from complementary mating types. The localized remodeling and dissolution of external protective structures allow the fusion of the plasma membranes and cytoplasmic mixing." [GOC:elh] narrow_synonym: "zygote formation (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0022413 ! reproductive process in single-celled organism relationship: part_of GO:0000747 ! conjugation with cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000756 name: response to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus during the process of conjugation without cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone relationship: part_of GO:0000748 ! conjugation with mutual genetic exchange [Term] id: GO:0000757 name: signal transduction during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The processes involving the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation without cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0000756 ! response to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000758 name: agglutination during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "During conjugation without cellular fusion, the aggregation or adhesion of compatible mating types via complementary cell-cell interactions." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000771 ! agglutination relationship: part_of GO:0000756 ! response to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000759 name: cellular morphogenesis during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo conjugation without cellular fusion." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0000767 ! cellular morphogenesis during conjugation relationship: part_of GO:0000756 ! response to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion [Term] id: GO:0000760 name: adaptation to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion namespace: biological_process def: "In organisms that undergo conjugation without cellular fusion, the processes involved in desensitization following exposure to pheromone stimulus that act to down-regulate further stimulation or block initial conjugation responses." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "desensitization to pheromone during conjugation without cellular fusion" [] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone is_a: GO:0022401 ! adaptation of signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0000748 ! conjugation with mutual genetic exchange [Term] id: GO:0000761 name: conjugant formation namespace: biological_process def: "During conjugation without cellular fusion, the processes involved in pairing complementary mating types. Localized morphological, cytological, and cytoskeletal changes connect the mating types without cytoplasmic mixing." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion relationship: part_of GO:0000748 ! conjugation with mutual genetic exchange [Term] id: GO:0000762 name: pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of unidirectional (polarized) transfer of genetic information in response to a pheromone. It involves direct cellular contact between a donor and recipient cell; the contact is followed by the formation of a cellular bridge that physically connects the cells; some or all of the chromosome(s) of one cell ('male') is then transferred into the other cell ('female'); unidirectional conjugation occurs between cells of different mating types." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0009291 ! unidirectional conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000763 name: cellular morphogenesis during unidirectional conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo unidirectional conjugation." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0000767 ! cellular morphogenesis during conjugation relationship: part_of GO:0009291 ! unidirectional conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000764 name: cellular morphogenesis during pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0000767 ! cellular morphogenesis during conjugation relationship: part_of GO:0000765 ! response to pheromone during pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000765 name: response to pheromone during pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus during the process of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone relationship: part_of GO:0000762 ! pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000766 name: adaptation to pheromone during pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "In organisms that undergo pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation, the process involved in desensitization following exposure to pheromone stimulus that acts to down-regulate further stimulation or block initial conjugation responses." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "desensitization to pheromone during pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation" [] is_a: GO:0019236 ! response to pheromone is_a: GO:0022401 ! adaptation of signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0000762 ! pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000767 name: cellular morphogenesis during conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000768 name: syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells." [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0006949 ! syncytium formation is_a: GO:0045026 ! plasma membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0000769 name: syncytium formation by mitosis without cell division namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by one or more rounds of nuclear division without cell division." [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0006949 ! syncytium formation [Term] id: GO:0000770 name: peptide pheromone export namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007325 def: "The directed movement of a peptide pheromone out of a cell by a secretion or export pathway used solely for the export of peptide pheromones." [GOC:elh] narrow_synonym: "a-factor export" [] is_a: GO:0015833 ! peptide transport [Term] id: GO:0000771 name: agglutination namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation or adhesion of compatible mating types via complementary cell-cell interactions prior to the formation of irreversible cellular contacts during conjugation." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0007157 ! heterophilic cell adhesion relationship: part_of GO:0000746 ! conjugation [Term] id: GO:0000772 name: mating pheromone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The activity of binding to and activating specific cell surface receptors, thereby inducing a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell that leads to the transfer or union of genetic material between organisms or cells. The mating pheromone can either be retained on the cell surface or secreted." [GOC:clt, GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0005186 ! pheromone activity [Term] id: GO:0000773 name: phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine." [EC:2.1.1.71] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "PLMT" [] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.71 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.1.1.71-RXN is_a: GO:0008170 ! N-methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008757 ! S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0000774 name: adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stimulates the hydrolysis and exchange of adenyl nucleotides by other proteins." [GOC:kd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030554 ! adenyl nucleotide binding [Term] id: GO:0000775 name: chromosome, pericentric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The central region of a chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'centromere ; GO:0005698'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific region of the chromosome and not a protein complex. related_synonym: "centromere" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000776 name: kinetochore namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0005699 def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the pericentric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "kinetochore motor activity" [] is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bound organelle is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000775 ! chromosome, pericentric region [Term] id: GO:0000777 name: condensed chromosome kinetochore namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the pericentric region of a condensed chromosome and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000776 ! kinetochore relationship: part_of GO:0000779 ! condensed chromosome, pericentric region [Term] id: GO:0000778 name: condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the pericentric region of a condensed chromosome in the nucleus and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000780 ! condensed nuclear chromosome, pericentric region [Term] id: GO:0000779 name: condensed chromosome, pericentric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The central region of a condensed chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'centromere ; GO:0005698'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific region of the chromosome and not a protein complex. related_synonym: "condensed chromosome, centromere" [] is_a: GO:0000775 ! chromosome, pericentric region relationship: part_of GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000780 name: condensed nuclear chromosome, pericentric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The central region of a condensed chromosome in the nucleus that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'centromere ; GO:0005698'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific region of the chromosome and not a protein complex. related_synonym: "condensed nuclear chromosome, centromere" [] is_a: GO:0000779 ! condensed chromosome, pericentric region is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000781 name: chromosome, telomeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The terminal region of a linear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'telomere ; GO:0005696'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific region of the chromosome and not a protein complex. related_synonym: "telomere" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000782 name: telomere cap complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome that protects and stabilizes a linear chromosome." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'telomere ; GO:0005696'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific protein complex and not a region of the chromosome. related_synonym: "telomere" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000781 ! chromosome, telomeric region [Term] id: GO:0000783 name: nuclear telomere cap complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome in the nucleus that protects and stabilizes a linear chromosome." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'telomere ; GO:0005696'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific protein complex and not a region of the chromosome. is_a: GO:0000782 ! telomere cap complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000784 ! nuclear chromosome, telomeric region [Term] id: GO:0000784 name: nuclear chromosome, telomeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The terminal region of a linear chromosome in the nucleus that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used in place of the obsoleted cellular component term 'telomere ; GO:0005696'. Use with caution because this term refers to a specific region of the chromosome and not a protein complex. exact_synonym: "nuclear chromosome, telomere" [] is_a: GO:0000781 ! chromosome, telomeric region is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0000785 name: chromatin namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0005717 def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "chromosome scaffold" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000786 name: nucleosome namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0005718 def: "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000787 name: cytoplasmic nucleosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA in the cytoplasm into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000786 ! nucleosome is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0000789 ! cytoplasmic chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000788 name: nuclear nucleosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA in the nucleus into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000786 ! nucleosome is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000790 ! nuclear chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000789 name: cytoplasmic chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome in the cytoplasm." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0000229 ! cytoplasmic chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000790 name: nuclear chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0000791 name: euchromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000792 name: heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000793 name: condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used to annotate gene products that localize to a mitotic chromosome in an organism that undergoes an 'open mitosis' in which the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis. related_synonym: "chromatid" [] related_synonym: "cytoplasmic mitotic chromosome" [] related_synonym: "metaphase chromosome" [] related_synonym: "mitotic chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000794 name: condensed nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure that remains in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term and its children can be used to annotate gene products that localize to a mitotic chromosome in an organism that undergoes a 'closed mitosis' in which the nuclear envelope does not break down during mitosis and for gene products that localize to a meiotic chromosome. related_synonym: "chromatid" [] related_synonym: "meiotic chromosome" [] related_synonym: "metaphase chromosome" [] related_synonym: "mitotic chromosome" [] related_synonym: "nuclear mitotic chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0000228 ! nuclear chromosome is_a: GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000795 name: synaptonemal complex namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0005716 def: "A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000796 name: condensin complex namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0005676 def: "A multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in chromosome condensation." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "SMC complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000797 name: condensin core heterodimer namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0008621 def: "The core heterodimer of a condensin complex, a multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in chromosome condensation." [GOC:elh] narrow_synonym: "Smc2-Smc4 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000796 ! condensin complex [Term] id: GO:0000798 name: nuclear cohesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex required for cohesion between sister chromatids that remain in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0008278 ! cohesin complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000799 name: nuclear condensin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in the condensation of chromosomes that remain in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000796 ! condensin complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000800 name: lateral element namespace: cellular_component def: "A proteinaceous core found between sister chromatids during meiotic prophase." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "axial element" [] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000801 name: central element namespace: cellular_component def: "A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex found between the lateral elements." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000802 name: transverse filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex that spans the regions between the lateral elements and connects them." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000803 name: sex chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome involved in sex determination." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000804 name: W chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in females of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the Z chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The W chromosome is absent from the cells of males and present in one copy in the somatic cells of females." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0321000382] is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000805 name: X chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000806 name: Y chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000807 name: Z chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the Z chromosome are present in each somatic cell of males and one copy is present in females." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0321000382] is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000808 name: origin recognition complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ORC" [] exact_synonym: "origin of replication recognition complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000809 name: cytoplasmic origin of replication recognition complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the cytoplasm." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "prokaryotic ORC" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic ORC" [] is_a: GO:0000808 ! origin recognition complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0000229 ! cytoplasmic chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000810 name: diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: diacylglycerol pyrophosphate + H20 = 3-sn-phosphatidate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.-, PMID:8567632, PMID:9452443] exact_synonym: "DGPP phosphatase" [] exact_synonym: "DGPP phosphohydrolase" [] is_a: GO:0016462 ! pyrophosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0000811 name: GINS complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that associates with replication origins and is required for the initiation of DNA replication." [GOC:rn, PMID:12730134] exact_synonym: "Go, Ichi, Ni and San complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0000812 name: SWR1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit protein complex that is involved in chromatin remodeling. It is required for the incorporation of the histone variant H2AZ into chromatin. In S. cerevisiae, the complex contains Swr1p, a Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase, and 12 additional subunits." [PMID:14645854, PMID:14690608] exact_synonym: "SWR-C" [] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0000813 name: ESCRT I complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport. It consists of the class E vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins and interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes." [GOC:rb, PMID:12892785, PMID:12900393] broad_synonym: "Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0000814 name: ESCRT II complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport and functions downstream of ESCRT I complex. It consists of the class E vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins and is required for the membrane recruitment of ESCRT III complex and binds to ubiquitinated cargoes." [GOC:rb, PMID:12892785, PMID:12900393] broad_synonym: "Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0000815 name: ESCRT III complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport. Consists of two soluble subcomplexes of highly charged coiled-coil proteins and is required for sorting and/or concentration of multivesicular body (MVB) cargoes." [GOC:rb, PMID:12892785, PMID:12900393] broad_synonym: "Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0000816 name: nicotinamide riboside kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinamide riboside = ADP + nicotinamide nucleotide (NMN)." [PMID:15137942] is_a: GO:0019206 ! nucleoside kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0000817 name: COMA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex in yeast consisting of Ctf1p, Okp1p, Mcm1p, Ame1p. This complex bridges the subunits that are in contact with centromeric DNA and the subunits bound to microtubules during kinetochore assembly." [GOC:se, PMID:14633972] exact_synonym: "Ctf1p-Okp1p-Mcm1p-Ame1p complex" [] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000778 ! condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000818 name: MIND complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex in yeast consisting of Mtw1p, Nnf1p, Nsl1p, and Dsn1. This complex bridges the subunits that are in contact with centromeric DNA and the subunits bound to microtubules during kinetochore assembly." [GOC:se, PMID:14633972] exact_synonym: "Mtw1p Including Nnf1p-Nsl1p-Dsn1p complex" [] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000778 ! condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000819 name: sister chromatid segregation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai, GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0007001 ! chromosome organization and biogenesis (sensu Eukaryota) relationship: part_of GO:0007059 ! chromosome segregation [Term] id: GO:0000900 name: translation repressor activity, nucleic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Antagonizes the ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide via direct binding to nucleic acid." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0008135 ! translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding is_a: GO:0030371 ! translation repressor activity [Term] id: GO:0000901 name: translation repressor activity, non-nucleic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Antagonizes the ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide but does not bind directly to nucleic acid." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0030371 ! translation repressor activity is_a: GO:0045183 ! translation factor activity, non-nucleic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0000902 name: cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007148 alt_id: GO:0045790 alt_id: GO:0045791 def: "Any process that modulates the mass, volume, or shape of a cell." [GOC:clt, GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular morphogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "negative regulation of cell shape and cell size" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of cell shape and cell size" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of cell shape and cell size" [] is_a: GO:0032989 ! cellular structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000903 name: cellular morphogenesis during vegetative growth namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during the development of a cell as it progresses through a mitotic cell cycle when it is not undergoing terminal differentiation." [GOC:clt, GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0016049 ! cell growth [Term] id: GO:0000904 name: cellular morphogenesis during differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0000905 name: fruiting body development during asexual reproduction (sensu Fungi) namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a spore-bearing structure by fungus where spores will arise from asexual reproduction. As in, but not restricted to, the fungi (Fungi, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4751)." [GOC:clt] related_synonym: "haploid fruiting" [] related_synonym: "homokaryotic fruiting" [] related_synonym: "monokaryotic fruiting" [] exact_synonym: "fruiting body formation during asexual reproduction (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0030584 ! fruiting body development (sensu Fungi) relationship: part_of GO:0019954 ! asexual reproduction [Term] id: GO:0000906 name: 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate + 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione = 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine + phosphate." [EC:5.4.-.-, PMID:7559556] xref_analog: EC:5.4.-.- is_a: GO:0016867 ! intramolecular transferase activity, transferring acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0000907 name: sulfonate dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: sulfonate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = SO3(2-) (sulfite) + aminoacetaldehyde + succinate + CO2." [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:clt, PMID:10482536] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfonate/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase" [] exact_synonym: "sulphonate dioxygenase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14.11.- is_a: GO:0016706 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors [Term] id: GO:0000908 name: taurine dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: taurine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = SO3(2-) (sulfite) + aminoacetaldehyde + succinate + CO2." [EC:1.14.11.17, MetaCyc:RXN0-299] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14.11.17 xref_analog: MetaCyc:RXN0-299 is_a: GO:0000907 ! sulfonate dioxygenase activity [Term] id: GO:0000909 name: fruiting body development during sexual reproduction (sensu Fungi) namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a spore-bearing structure by fungus where spores will arise from sexual reproduction. As in, but not restricted to, the fungi (Fungi, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4751)." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "fruiting body formation during sexual reproduction (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0030584 ! fruiting body development (sensu Fungi) relationship: part_of GO:0019953 ! sexual reproduction [Term] id: GO:0000910 name: cytokinesis namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007104 alt_id: GO:0016288 def: "The processes resulting in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis usually occurs after growth, replication, and segregation of cellular components." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "cell division" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211912 xref_analog: Reactome:221676 xref_analog: Reactome:230265 xref_analog: Reactome:238302 xref_analog: Reactome:244868 xref_analog: Reactome:249758 xref_analog: Reactome:252506 xref_analog: Reactome:259076 xref_analog: Reactome:262434 xref_analog: Reactome:265269 xref_analog: Reactome:268395 xref_analog: Reactome:282835 xref_analog: Reactome:286599 xref_analog: Reactome:68884 is_a: GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0000911 name: cytokinesis by cell plate formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of dividing the cytoplasm of a parent cell where a structure forms in the cytoplasm and grows until reaching the plasma membrane, thereby completely separating the cytoplasms of adjacent progeny cells." [GOC:clt] narrow_synonym: "cytokinesis (sensu Viridiplantae)" [] is_a: GO:0000910 ! cytokinesis [Term] id: GO:0000912 name: cytokinesis, formation of actomyosin apparatus namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of an apparatus composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0031032 ! actomyosin structure organization and biogenesis is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000913 name: preprophase band formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of marking the position in the cell where cytokinesis will occur in cells that perform cytokinesis by cell plate formation." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0007105 ! cytokinesis, site selection relationship: part_of GO:0000911 ! cytokinesis by cell plate formation [Term] id: GO:0000914 name: phragmoplast formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a structure composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis in cells that perform cytokinesis by cell plate formation. The structure usually contains antiparallel microtubules and membrane (often visible as vesicles)." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0000912 ! cytokinesis, formation of actomyosin apparatus relationship: part_of GO:0000911 ! cytokinesis by cell plate formation [Term] id: GO:0000915 name: cytokinesis, contractile ring formation namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0045573 def: "The process of formation of a ring composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "cytokinesis, actomyosin ring biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "cytokinesis, actomyosin ring formation" [] narrow_synonym: "constriction ring assembly" [] narrow_synonym: "cytokinesis, contractile ring assembly" [] is_a: GO:0000912 ! cytokinesis, formation of actomyosin apparatus [Term] id: GO:0000916 name: cytokinesis, contractile ring contraction namespace: biological_process def: "The process of an actomyosin ring, which functions in cytokinesis, getting smaller in diameter." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "cytokinesis, actomyosin ring contraction" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000917 name: barrier septum formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of making a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. The progeny cells that form a barrier septum are not able to exchange intracellular material." [GOC:clt] related_synonym: "septin assembly and septum biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "septin assembly and septum formation" [] exact_synonym: "formation of barrier septum" [] broad_synonym: "septation" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000918 name: selection of site for barrier septum formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of marking the site where a barrier septum will form." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "selection of site for barrier cell septum biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "selection of site for barrier cell septum formation" [] exact_synonym: "septum positioning" [] broad_synonym: "septin assembly and septum biosynthesis" [] broad_synonym: "septin assembly and septum formation" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process relationship: part_of GO:0000917 ! barrier septum formation [Term] id: GO:0000919 name: cell plate formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of assembly, maturation, and growth of the cell plate to the cell periphery in cells that divide by cell plate formation; often involves deposition of cell wall material in and around the phragmoplast." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process relationship: part_of GO:0000911 ! cytokinesis by cell plate formation [Term] id: GO:0000920 name: cell separation during cytokinesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of physically separating progeny cells during cytokinesis; this may involve enzymatic digestion of septum or cell wall components." [GOC:clt] narrow_synonym: "rotokinesis" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000921 name: septin ring assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Assembly and organization of septins and associated proteins into a structure resembling a ring at the cell cortex." [GOC:clt] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "septin assembly and septum biosynthesis" [] broad_synonym: "septin assembly and septum formation" [] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0031106 ! septin ring organization [Term] id: GO:0000922 name: spindle pole namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0030615 def: "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0005819 ! spindle [Term] id: GO:0000923 name: equatorial microtubule organizing center namespace: cellular_component def: "A microtubule organizing center formed by a band of gamma-tubulin that is recruited to a circumferential band of F-actin at the midpoint of a cell and which nucleates microtubules from the cell division site at the end of mitosis." [PMID:11792817] exact_synonym: "EMTOC" [] exact_synonym: "equatorial microtubule organising centre" [] is_a: GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center is_a: GO:0032155 ! cell division site part [Term] id: GO:0000924 name: gamma-tubulin ring complex, centrosomal namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0000925 alt_id: GO:0000926 def: "A centrosome-localized multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins assembled into a ring structure that is thought to be the unit of nucleation at the minus end of a microtubule. Gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the core repeating units of the ring." [GOC:clt, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075, PMID:17021256] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin large complex (sensu Metazoa)" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin large complex, centrosomal" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin ring complex, centrosomal (sensu Metazoa)" [] is_a: GO:0008274 ! gamma-tubulin ring complex relationship: part_of GO:0000242 ! pericentriolar material [Term] id: GO:0000927 name: gamma-tubulin small complex, centrosomal namespace: cellular_component def: "A centrosomal complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules, at least two conserved non-tubulin proteins that multimerize along with additional non-tubulin proteins in animal cells into larger functional complexes. Gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin small complex (sensu Metazoa)" [] is_a: GO:0008275 ! gamma-tubulin small complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part [Term] id: GO:0000928 name: gamma-tubulin small complex, spindle pole body namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of two gamma-tubulin molecules and conserved non-tubulin proteins isolated by fractionation from cells. The complex, approximately 6S-9S, is analogous to the small complex in animal cells but contains fewer subunits, and is not thought to multimerize into larger functional units, like complexes in those organisms." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "Tub4 complex" [] broad_synonym: "gamma-tubulin complex (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0008275 ! gamma-tubulin small complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0005816 ! spindle pole body [Term] id: GO:0000930 name: gamma-tubulin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species." [GOC:clt, PMID:12134075] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part [Term] id: GO:0000931 name: gamma-tubulin large complex namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0000929 def: "A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin large complex (sensu Schizosaccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000930 ! gamma-tubulin complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part [Term] id: GO:0000932 name: cytoplasmic mRNA processing body namespace: cellular_component def: "A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. mRNA processing and binding proteins are localized to these foci." [GOC:clt, PMID:12730603] related_synonym: "cytoplasmic foci" [] exact_synonym: "P body" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000933 name: adventitious septum namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell septum whose formation is independent of nuclear division." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0471940526] is_a: GO:0030428 ! cell septum [Term] id: GO:0000934 name: porous cell septum namespace: cellular_component def: "A septum or cross wall which does not entirely span the space between two portions of cell wall and may contain a specialized central pore structure. A porous septum allows the movement of organelles and/or cytoplasm between compartments." [GOC:clt] broad_synonym: "porous septum" [] is_a: GO:0030428 ! cell septum [Term] id: GO:0000935 name: barrier septum namespace: cellular_component def: "A septum which spans a cell and does not allow exchange of organelles or cytoplasm between compartments." [GOC:clt] exact_synonym: "complete septum" [] is_a: GO:0030428 ! cell septum [Term] id: GO:0000936 name: primary cell septum namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell septum that forms following nuclear division." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0471940526] broad_synonym: "primary septum" [] is_a: GO:0030428 ! cell septum [Term] id: GO:0000937 name: dolipore septum namespace: cellular_component def: "A septum, or cross-wall, between two portions of a cell or hypha; contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; pore is covered on each side of the septum by a septal pore cap (parenthosome)." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0000934 ! porous cell septum [Term] id: GO:0000938 name: GARP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A quatrefoil tethering complex required for retrograde traffic from the early endosome back to the late Golgi and biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles." [GOC:clt, GOC:rn, PMID:10637310, PMID:12077354, PMID:12446664] exact_synonym: "Golgi associated retrograde protein complex" [] exact_synonym: "VFT tethering complex" [] exact_synonym: "Vps fifty three tethering complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicle [Term] id: GO:0000939 name: inner kinetochore of condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome kinetochore closest to centromeric DNA; in mammals the CREST antigens (CENP proteins) are found in this layer; this layer may help define underlying centromeric chromatin structure and position of the kinetochore on the chromosome." [GOC:clt, PMID:10619130, PMID:11483983] related_synonym: "inner centromere core complex" [] narrow_synonym: "inner kinetochore plate" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000940 name: outer kinetochore of condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions." [GOC:clt, PMID:11483983] narrow_synonym: "outer kinetochore plate" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000941 name: inner kinetochore of condensed nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore closest to centromeric DNA; this layer may help define underlying centromeric chromatin structure and position of the kinetochore on the chromosome." [GOC:clt, PMID:10619130, PMID:1148398] is_a: GO:0000939 ! inner kinetochore of condensed chromosome is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000778 ! condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000942 name: outer kinetochore of condensed nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions." [GOC:clt, PMID:1148398] is_a: GO:0000940 ! outer kinetochore of condensed chromosome is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000778 ! condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000943 name: retrotransposon nucleocapsid namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of the retrotransposon RNA genome, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and associated molecules required for reproduction and integration of the retrotransposon into the host genome; the main structural molecule of the nucleocapsid is often a gag protein homolog." [GOC:clt, PMID:10861903] exact_synonym: "Virus-like particle" [] exact_synonym: "VLP" [] is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0001100 name: negative regulation of exit from mitosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the inhibition of progression from anaphase/telophase (high mitotic CDK activity) to G1 (low mitotic CDK activity)." [GOC:rn] exact_synonym: "down regulation of exit from mitosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of exit from mitosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of exit from mitosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of exit from mitosis" [] is_a: GO:0007096 ! regulation of exit from mitosis [Term] id: GO:0001101 name: response to acid namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acid stimulus." [GOC:rn] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0001300 name: chronological cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occur when the cell is in a non-dividing, or quiescent, state." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "chronological cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0007569 ! cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001301 name: progressive alteration of chromatin during cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process that occurs during the lifespan of the cell that results in changes in chromatin structure. Such changes may lead to gene dysregulation and ultimately to a loss in cell homeostasis, bringing about an aging phenotype." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] related_synonym: "age-dependent accumulation of genetic damage" [] exact_synonym: "progressive alteration of chromatin during cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0016568 ! chromatin modification relationship: part_of GO:0007569 ! cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001302 name: replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0007569 ! cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001303 name: nucleolar fragmentation during replicative aging namespace: biological_process def: "Process of enlargement and fragmentation of the nucleolus into multiple rounded structures that occurs in conjunction with increasing age in dividing cells." [GOC:jh, PMID:9891807] exact_synonym: "nucleolar fragmentation during replicative ageing" [] is_a: GO:0007576 ! nucleolar fragmentation relationship: part_of GO:0001302 ! replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001304 name: progressive alteration of chromatin during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process that occurs in dividing cells as they age that results in changes to chromatin structure." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "progressive alteration of chromatin during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001301 ! progressive alteration of chromatin during cell aging relationship: part_of GO:0001302 ! replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001305 name: progressive alteration of chromatin during chronological cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process that occurs in non-dividing cells as they age that results in changes to chromatin structure." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "progressive alteration of chromatin during chronological cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001301 ! progressive alteration of chromatin during cell aging relationship: part_of GO:0001300 ! chronological cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001306 name: age-dependent response to oxidative stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] is_a: GO:0006979 ! response to oxidative stress is_a: GO:0007571 ! age-dependent general metabolic decline [Term] id: GO:0001307 name: extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in abundance of circular DNA molecules in dividing cells as they age. These molecules originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, and then replicated independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001304 ! progressive alteration of chromatin during replicative cell aging is_a: GO:0007580 ! extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001308 name: loss of chromatin silencing during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process, which occurs as a dividing cell ages, leading to expression of genes that are typically not expressed due to silencing by regulatory proteins." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "loss of chromatin silencing during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001304 ! progressive alteration of chromatin during replicative cell aging is_a: GO:0006345 ! loss of chromatin silencing [Term] id: GO:0001309 name: age-dependent telomere shortening namespace: biological_process def: "Progressive reduction in length of the telomeres, the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes, that occurs as part of the cellular aging process." [GOC:jh, PMID:9891807] is_a: GO:0001304 ! progressive alteration of chromatin during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001310 name: extrachromosomal rDNA circle accumulation during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in abundance of circular DNA molecules in dividing cells as they age. These molecules originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, and then replicated independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "extrachromosomal rDNA circle accumulation during replicative cell ageing" [] exact_synonym: "extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circle accumulation during replicative cell aging" [] is_a: GO:0001307 ! extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001311 name: formation of extrachromosomal circular rDNA by homologous recombination during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Excision from the chromosome and circularization of DNA molecules encoding ribosomal RNA in dividing cells as they age." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "formation of extrachromosomal circular rDNA by homologous recombination during replicative cell ageing" [] exact_synonym: "formation of extrachromosomal circular ribosomal DNA by homologous recombination during replicative cell aging" [] is_a: GO:0001313 ! formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell aging relationship: part_of GO:0001310 ! extrachromosomal rDNA circle accumulation during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001312 name: replication of extrachromosomal rDNA circles during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Replication of rDNA following its excision from the chromosome of dividing cells as they age. Extrachromosomal rDNA forms a circle that contains at least one autonomously replicating sequence (ARS), which supports replication independent of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] exact_synonym: "replication of extrachromosomal rDNA circles during replicative cell ageing" [] exact_synonym: "replication of extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles during replicative cell aging" [] is_a: GO:0001314 ! replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell aging relationship: part_of GO:0001310 ! extrachromosomal rDNA circle accumulation during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001313 name: formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, in dividing cells as they age." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001325 ! formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA relationship: part_of GO:0001307 ! extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001314 name: replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome of dividing cells as they age; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001326 ! replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA relationship: part_of GO:0001307 ! extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001315 name: age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to active oxygen species" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to AOS" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxidative species" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen intermediate" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROI" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROS" [] is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0001316 name: age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism occurring during the process of replicative cell aging as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to active oxygen species during replicative cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to AOS during replicative cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxidative species during replicative cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen intermediate during replicative cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species during replicative cell ageing" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROI during replicative cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROS during replicative cell aging" [] is_a: GO:0001315 ! age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species is_a: GO:0001322 ! age-dependent response to oxidative stress during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001317 name: accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Accumulation of proteins that have undergone reactions with reactive oxygen species in aging dividing cells and exhibit modifications such as increased protein carbonyl content, oxidized methionine, protein hydrophobicity, and cross-linking." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001316 ! age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001318 name: formation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Chemical reaction, between proteins and reactive oxygen species, that occurs in dividing cells as they age and leads to a variety of changes in the affected proteins, including increases in protein carbonyl content, oxidized methionine, protein hydrophobicity, and cross-linking." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "formation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification relationship: part_of GO:0001317 ! accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001319 name: inheritance of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which progeny cells acquire, or are barred from acquiring, proteins that have been altered by reaction with reactive oxygen species in dividing aging cells." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "inheritance of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0008105 ! asymmetric protein localization relationship: part_of GO:0001317 ! accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001320 name: age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species during chronological cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism occurring in non-dividing cells as they age as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to active oxygen species during chronological cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to AOS during chronological cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxidative species during chronological cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen intermediate during chronological cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species during chronological cell ageing" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROI during chronological cell aging" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROS during chronological cell aging" [] is_a: GO:0001315 ! age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species is_a: GO:0001324 ! age-dependent response to oxidative stress during chronological cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001321 name: age-dependent general metabolic decline during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process, arising in dividing cells as they age, that alters cellular metabolism and thus causes a decline in cell function." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent general metabolic decline during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0007571 ! age-dependent general metabolic decline relationship: part_of GO:0001302 ! replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001322 name: age-dependent response to oxidative stress during replicative cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism occurring in dividing cells as they age as a result of oxidative stress, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to oxidative stress during replicative cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001306 ! age-dependent response to oxidative stress is_a: GO:0001321 ! age-dependent general metabolic decline during replicative cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001323 name: age-dependent general metabolic decline during chronological cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "The process, arising in non-dividing cells as they age, that alters cellular metabolism and thus causes a decline in cell function." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent general metabolic decline during chronological cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0007571 ! age-dependent general metabolic decline relationship: part_of GO:0001300 ! chronological cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001324 name: age-dependent response to oxidative stress during chronological cell aging namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism occurring in non-dividing cells as they age as a result of oxidative stress, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to oxidative stress during chronological cell ageing" [] is_a: GO:0001306 ! age-dependent response to oxidative stress is_a: GO:0001323 ! age-dependent general metabolic decline during chronological cell aging [Term] id: GO:0001325 name: formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA namespace: biological_process def: "Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000737 ! DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic [Term] id: GO:0001326 name: replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA namespace: biological_process def: "Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006260 ! DNA replication [Term] id: GO:0001400 name: mating projection base namespace: cellular_component def: "The region where the mating projection meets the bulk of the cell, in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone." [GOC:mcc] related_synonym: "shmoo" [] narrow_synonym: "base of shmoo tip" [] narrow_synonym: "conjugation tube base" [] is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0005937 ! mating projection [Term] id: GO:0001401 name: mitochondrial sorting and assembly machinery complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex." [PMID:12891361] comment: See also the cellular component term 'mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex ; GO:0005742'. exact_synonym: "SAM complex" [] exact_synonym: "TOB complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005741 ! mitochondrial outer membrane [Term] id: GO:0001402 name: signal transduction during filamentous growth namespace: biological_process def: "Relaying of environmental signals promoting filamentous growth." [GOC:mcc, PMID:9728395] related_synonym: "activation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKK (pseudohyphal growth)" [] related_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK (pseudohyphal growth)" [] related_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth)" [] related_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade (pseudohyphal growth)" [] related_synonym: "nuclear translocation of MAPK (pseudohyphal growth)" [] is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction relationship: part_of GO:0030447 ! filamentous growth [Term] id: GO:0001403 name: invasive growth (sensu Saccharomyces) namespace: biological_process def: "A growth pattern exhibited by haploid cells under certain growth conditions, in which cells retain the typical axial budding pattern of haploids, but become elongated and fail to separate after division; during growth on a solid substrate, this results in penetration of cells into the agar medium. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Saccharomyces (Saccharomyces, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4930)." [GOC:mcc, PMID:9728395] comment: Note that this term should not be used to describe the invasion of host tissues by pathogenic organisms, which is described by the biological process term 'invasive growth', nor should it be used to describe growth of diseased cells of an organism into the surrounding normal tissue, which is outside of the scope of GO. related_synonym: "colony morphology" [] broad_synonym: "invasive growth" [] is_a: GO:0016049 ! cell growth is_a: GO:0030447 ! filamentous growth [Term] id: GO:0001404 name: invasive growth namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Growth of a pathogenic organism that results in penetration into cells or tissues of the host organism. This often (but not necessarily) includes a filamentous growth form, and also can include secretion of proteases and lipases to break down host tissue." [GOC:mcc, PMID:9728395] comment: This term was made obsolete because more appropriate terms were created. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'entry into host ; GO:0044409' or its children and 'growth or development of symbiont within host ; GO:0044412' or its children. exact_synonym: "tissue invasion" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001405 name: presequence translocase-associated import motor namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex located on the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane and associated with the presequence translocase complex; hydrolyzes ATP to provide the force to drive import of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix." [GOC:mcc, PMID:14517234, PMID:14638855] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial import motor" [] exact_synonym: "PAM complex" [] exact_synonym: "pre-sequence translocase-associated import motor" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005744 ! mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex [Term] id: GO:0001406 name: glycerophosphodiester transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of glycerophosphodiesters into, out of, within or between cells. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12912892] is_a: GO:0015605 ! organophosphate ester transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0001407 name: glycerophosphodiester transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of glycerophosphodiesters into, out of, within or between cells. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12912892] is_a: GO:0015748 ! organophosphate ester transport [Term] id: GO:0001408 name: guanine nucleotide transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of guanine nucleotides, GTP, GDP, and/or GMP, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015865 ! purine nucleotide transport [Term] id: GO:0001409 name: guanine nucleotide transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Transports guanine nucleotides (GMP, GDP, and GTP) across membranes." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015216 ! purine nucleotide transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0001410 name: chlamydospore development namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0055027 def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the chlamydospore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Chlamydospores are thick-walled, spore-like cells borne on the ends of elongated cells attached to hyphae or pseudohyphae, seen in the species Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Note that although these structures resemble the chlamydospores of other fungi, it is not known whether they are true spores, so this process is not currently considered an instance of spore formation." [GOC:mcc, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:14663094] related_synonym: "chlamydospore development (sensu Candida albicans)" [] exact_synonym: "chlamydospore formation" [] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0001411 name: hyphal tip namespace: cellular_component def: "The end, or tip, of a fungal hypha, where polarized growth occurs during hyphal elongation." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0030427 ! site of polarized growth [Term] id: GO:0001501 name: skeletal development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton)." [GOC:jic, http://www.stedmans.com/] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0001502 name: cartilage condensation namespace: biological_process def: "The condensation of mesenchymal cells that have been committed to differentiate into chondrocytes." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion relationship: part_of GO:0051216 ! cartilage development [Term] id: GO:0001503 name: ossification namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "bone biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "bone formation" [] exact_synonym: "osteogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031214 ! biomineral formation relationship: part_of GO:0001501 ! skeletal development relationship: part_of GO:0046849 ! bone remodeling [Term] id: GO:0001504 name: neurotransmitter uptake namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. It does not occur during cholinergic synaptic transmission. Instead, acetylcholine is enzymatically degraded in the synaptic cleft." [ISBN:0123668387] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter reuptake" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotransmitter import into glial cell" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotransmitter import into neuron" [] broad_synonym: "neurotransmitter recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001505 ! regulation of neurotransmitter levels is_a: GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport [Term] id: GO:0001505 name: regulation of neurotransmitter levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates levels of neurotransmitter." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: part_of GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0001506 name: neurotransmitter biosynthetic process and storage namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of neurotransmitters and the storage of the synthesized molecules." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0123668387] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is an amalgamation of its two children. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'neurotransmitter biosynthetic process ; GO:0042136' or its children and 'sequestering of neurotransmitter ; GO:0042137'. exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter anabolism and storage" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter formation and storage" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter synthesis and storage" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001507 name: acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine breakdown in synaptic cleft" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine degradation in synaptic cleft" [] is_a: GO:0006581 ! acetylcholine catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007271 ! synaptic transmission, cholinergic [Term] id: GO:0001508 name: regulation of action potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0001509 name: legumain activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of proteins and small-molecule substrates at Asn-Xaa bonds." [EC:3.4.22.34] xref_analog: EC:3.4.22.34 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.4.22.34-RXN is_a: GO:0004197 ! cysteine-type endopeptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0001510 name: RNA methylation namespace: biological_process def: "Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in an polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009451 ! RNA modification is_a: GO:0043414 ! biopolymer methylation [Term] id: GO:0001511 name: fibrillin namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. Large glycoprotein that is a calcium binding component of connective tissue microfibrils containing 34 six-cysteine (EGF-like) repeats and five eight-cysteine (TGFbeta-1 binding protein-like) repeats. Defects associated with Marfan syndrome." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, consider cellular_component term 'microfibril ; GO:0001527' or its children and molecular_function term 'calcium ion binding ; GO:0005509'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001512 name: dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0001514 name: selenocysteine incorporation namespace: biological_process def: "The incorporation of selenocysteine into a peptide; uses a special tRNA that recognizes the UGA codon as selenocysteine, rather than as a termination codon. Selenocysteine is synthesized from serine before its incorporation, it is not a posttranslational modification of peptidyl-cysteine." [RESID:AA0022] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: RESID:AA0022 is_a: GO:0006451 ! translational readthrough [Term] id: GO:0001515 name: opioid peptide activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0001516 name: prostaglandin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "prostaglandin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin formation" [] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006693 ! prostaglandin metabolic process is_a: GO:0046457 ! prostanoid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001517 name: N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate." [GOC:ai, GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulphotransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.- is_a: GO:0008146 ! sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001518 name: voltage-gated sodium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "voltage gated sodium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent sodium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive sodium channel complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0001519 name: peptide amidation namespace: biological_process def: "The posttranslational conversion of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides to C-terminal alpha-amidated peptides. Occurs to over half of all peptide hormones to give bioactive peptides. This is a two step process catalyzed by a peptidyl-glycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase and a peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase. In some organisms, this process is catalyzed by two separate enzymes, whereas in higher organisms, one polypeptide catalyzes both reactions." [PMID:11028916] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031179 ! peptide modification [Term] id: GO:0001520 name: outer dense fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "Structure or material found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds each of the nine microtubule doublets, giving a 9 + 9 + 2 arrangement rather than the 9 + 2 pattern usually seen. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile." [ISBN:0824072820] exact_synonym: "outer dense fibre" [] is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part [Term] id: GO:0001522 name: pseudouridine synthesis namespace: biological_process def: "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "pseudouridylation" [] is_a: GO:0009451 ! RNA modification [Term] id: GO:0001523 name: retinoid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "retinoid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0016101 ! diterpenoid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001524 name: globin namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. The colorless and basic protein moiety of hemoglobin and myoglobins." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, use molecular_function term 'oxygen transporter activity ; GO:0005344'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001525 name: angiogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels." [ISBN:0878932453] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0048514 ! blood vessel morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001526 name: proteoglycan sulfate transfer namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Transfer of sulfate to a proteoglycan (a glycoprotein whose carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans) using 3'-phosphoadenyl sulfate." [GOC:hjd] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a group of molecular functions. To update annotations, consider biological_process terms 'proteoglycan metabolic process ; GO:0006029' or its children and 'sulfur metabolic process ; GO:0006790' or its children and molecular_function term 'proteoglycan sulfotransferase activity ; GO:0050698'. exact_synonym: "proteoglycan sulphate transfer" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001527 name: microfibril namespace: cellular_component def: "Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins." [http://www.xrefer.com/entry/490235] related_synonym: "fibrillin" [] exact_synonym: "extended fibrils" [] is_a: GO:0043205 ! fibril [Term] id: GO:0001528 name: elastin namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. A major structural protein of mammalian connective tissues; composed of one third glycine, and also rich in proline, alanine, and valine. Chains are cross-linked together via lysine residues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, use molecular_function term 'extracellular matrix constituent conferring elasticity ; GO:0030023'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001529 name: elastin namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product. To update annotations, use molecular_function term 'extracellular matrix constituent conferring elasticity ; GO:0030023'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001530 name: lipopolysaccharide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with lipopolysaccharide." [PMID:11079463] exact_synonym: "LPS binding" [] broad_synonym: "endotoxin binding" [] is_a: GO:0001871 ! pattern binding [Term] id: GO:0001531 name: interleukin-21 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-21 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-21" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-21 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0001532 name: interleukin-21 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-21 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-21R" [] is_a: GO:0004907 ! interleukin receptor activity is_a: GO:0019977 ! interleukin-21 binding [Term] id: GO:0001533 name: cornified envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "An insoluble protein structure formed under the plasma membrane of cornifying epithelial cells." [PMID:11112355] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0001534 name: radial spoke namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of the ciliary or flagellum axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules." [ISBN:0124325653, PMID:9450971] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part [Term] id: GO:0001535 name: radial spokehead namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex forming part of eukaryotic flagellar apparatus." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part relationship: part_of GO:0001534 ! radial spoke [Term] id: GO:0001536 name: radial spoke stalk namespace: cellular_component def: "Globular portion of the radial spoke that projects towards the central pair of microtubules." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part relationship: part_of GO:0001534 ! radial spoke [Term] id: GO:0001537 name: N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate." [EC:2.8.2.-, GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulphotransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.- is_a: GO:0008146 ! sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001539 name: ciliary or flagellar motility namespace: biological_process def: "Locomotion due to movement of cilia or flagella." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ciliary/flagellar motility" [] is_a: GO:0006928 ! cell motility [Term] id: GO:0001540 name: beta-amyloid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with beta-amyloid peptide/protein and/or its precursor." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001541 name: ovarian follicle development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "follicular phase" [] is_a: GO:0022601 ! menstrual cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0008585 ! female gonad development [Term] id: GO:0001542 name: ovulation (sensu Mammalia) namespace: biological_process def: "The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte. As in, but not restricted to, mammals (Mammalia, ncbi_taxonomy_id:40674)." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022601 ! menstrual cycle phase is_a: GO:0030728 ! ovulation relationship: part_of GO:0008585 ! female gonad development [Term] id: GO:0001543 name: ovarian follicle rupture namespace: biological_process def: "Disruption of theca cell layer releasing follicular fluid and/or the oocyte." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0001542 ! ovulation (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001544 name: initiation of primordial ovarian follicle growth namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in size of primordial follicles including proliferation and shape changes of granulosa and/or theca cells until oocyte is surrounded by one layer of cuboidal shaped granulosa cells (primary follicle)." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0001541 ! ovarian follicle development [Term] id: GO:0001545 name: primary ovarian follicle growth namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle)." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process is_a: GO:0022605 ! oogenesis stage relationship: part_of GO:0001541 ! ovarian follicle development relationship: part_of GO:0048160 ! primary follicle stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) relationship: part_of GO:0048161 ! double layer follicle stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001546 name: preantral ovarian follicle growth namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in size of follicles surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells up to the onset of antrum formation." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process is_a: GO:0022605 ! oogenesis stage relationship: part_of GO:0001541 ! ovarian follicle development relationship: part_of GO:0048162 ! multi-layer follicle stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001547 name: antral ovarian follicle growth namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in size of antral follicles due to cell proliferation and/or growth of the antral cavity." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process is_a: GO:0048589 ! developmental growth relationship: part_of GO:0001541 ! ovarian follicle development [Term] id: GO:0001548 name: follicular fluid formation in ovarian follicle antrum namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of one central cavity separating the oocyte/cumulus complex from mural granulosa and theca cells." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] exact_synonym: "ovarian follicle antrum/follicular fluid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "ovarian follicle antrum/follicular fluid formation" [] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process is_a: GO:0022605 ! oogenesis stage relationship: part_of GO:0001547 ! antral ovarian follicle growth relationship: part_of GO:0048163 ! scattered antral spaces stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) relationship: part_of GO:0048164 ! distinct antral spaces stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) relationship: part_of GO:0048165 ! fused antrum stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001549 name: cumulus cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a subpopulation of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte acquires the specialized features of an ovarian cumulus cell." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] exact_synonym: "ovarian cumulus cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001547 ! antral ovarian follicle growth relationship: part_of GO:0048165 ! fused antrum stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001550 name: ovarian cumulus expansion namespace: biological_process def: "Increase in size of the cumulus surrounding the oocyte including change in morphology due to proliferation and dispersion of cumulus cells." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] related_synonym: "ovarian cumulus growth" [] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process is_a: GO:0022605 ! oogenesis stage relationship: part_of GO:0001547 ! antral ovarian follicle growth relationship: part_of GO:0048165 ! fused antrum stage, oogenesis (sensu Mammalia) [Term] id: GO:0001551 name: ovarian follicle endowment namespace: biological_process def: "Association of oocytes with supporting epithelial granulosa cells to form primordial follicles." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022602 ! menstrual cycle process relationship: part_of GO:0001541 ! ovarian follicle development [Term] id: GO:0001552 name: ovarian follicle atresia namespace: biological_process def: "Ovarian follicle demise mediated by apoptosis." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0008585 ! female gonad development [Term] id: GO:0001553 name: luteinization namespace: biological_process def: "Differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells. Also other processes involved in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] related_synonym: "luteal phase" [] is_a: GO:0022601 ! menstrual cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0008585 ! female gonad development [Term] id: GO:0001554 name: luteolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Regression of ovarian corpora lutea." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0022601 ! menstrual cycle phase relationship: part_of GO:0008585 ! female gonad development relationship: part_of GO:0042703 ! menstruation [Term] id: GO:0001555 name: oocyte growth namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present." [http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0016049 ! cell growth relationship: part_of GO:0048601 ! oocyte morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001556 name: oocyte maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization." [GOC:devbiol, http://ovary.stanford.edu] is_a: GO:0048469 ! cell maturation relationship: part_of GO:0048599 ! oocyte development [Term] id: GO:0001557 name: metabolic process resulting in cell growth namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions that occur in living organisms that result in an increase in the mass (size) of a cell." [GOC:dph] comment: This term was made obsolete because it is redundant with other terms; obsoleted as part of the metabolism rearrangements. To update annotations, use biological_process terms 'cell growth ; GO:0016049' and 'metabolic process ; GO:0008152'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001558 name: regulation of cell growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "RAS small monomeric GTPase activity" [] related_synonym: "RHEB small monomeric GTPase activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110498 is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0016049 ! cell growth [Term] id: GO:0001559 name: regulation of cell growth by detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio namespace: biological_process def: "Any process whereby the size of the nucleus with respect to the cytoplasm modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth, the irreversible increase in size of a cell over time." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio to regulate cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "interpretation of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio to regulate cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by sensing of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio" [] is_a: GO:0001558 ! regulation of cell growth is_a: GO:0016475 ! detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio [Term] id: GO:0001560 name: regulation of cell growth by extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process whereby external signals modulate the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth, the irreversible increase in size of a cell over time." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "interpretation of external signals that regulate cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by detection of exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by sensing of exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous signal" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous stimuli" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external signal" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external stimuli" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0001558 ! regulation of cell growth is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction relationship: part_of GO:0009991 ! response to extracellular stimulus [Term] id: GO:0001561 name: fatty acid alpha-oxidation namespace: biological_process def: "Pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The 3-methyl branched fatty acid is converted in several steps to pristenic acid, which can then feed into the beta-oxidative pathway." [http://www.peroxisome.org/Scientist/Biochemistry/alpha-oxidation.html] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019395 ! fatty acid oxidation [Term] id: GO:0001562 name: response to protozoan namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0042833 def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "resistance to pathogenic protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "response to protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "response to protozoon" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0001563 name: detection of protozoan namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a protozoan is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "perception of protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "detection of protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "detection of protozoon" [] is_a: GO:0001562 ! response to protozoan is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0001564 name: resistance to pathogenic protozoa namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] comment: This term was made obsolete because 'resistance' implies a phenotype rather than a biological process. To update annotations, use biological_process term 'response to protozoan ; GO:0001562'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001565 name: phorbol ester receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a phorbol ester to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai, PMID:10506570] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001566 name: non-kinase phorbol ester receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol binding proteins that do not have intrinsic kinase activity." [PMID:10506570] is_a: GO:0001565 ! phorbol ester receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001567 name: cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydroxylation of cholesterol at position 25 of the side chain, to produce 25-hydroxycholesterol." [GOC:jl, PMID:12543708] is_a: GO:0008395 ! steroid hydroxylase activity [Term] id: GO:0001568 name: blood vessel development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001944 ! vasculature development [Term] id: GO:0001569 name: patterning of blood vessels namespace: biological_process def: "The process that regulates the coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0009880 ! embryonic pattern specification is_a: GO:0048754 ! branching morphogenesis of a tube relationship: part_of GO:0001525 ! angiogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001570 name: vasculogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes." [PMID:8999798] exact_synonym: "vascular morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048514 ! blood vessel morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001571 name: non-tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A receptor belonging to the FGFR family but lacking the tyrosine kinase domain." [PMID:11418238] exact_synonym: "non-tyrosine kinase FGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "non-tyrosine kinase FGFR activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001572 name: lactosylceramide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactosylceramides, Gal beta(1,4)Glc beta(1,1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group. They are the precursors of both gangliosides and globosides." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0471586501] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lactosylceramide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "lactosylceramide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "lactosylceramide formation" [] exact_synonym: "lactosylceramide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0046476 ! glycosylceramide biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046478 ! lactosylceramide metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0001574 ! ganglioside biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0001576 ! globoside biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001573 name: ganglioside metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ganglioside metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0006687 ! glycosphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001574 name: ganglioside biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ganglioside anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside formation" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001573 ! ganglioside metabolic process is_a: GO:0006688 ! glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001575 name: globoside metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving globosides, globotetraosylceramides, ceramides containing a core structure of GalNAc-beta-(1,3)-Gal-alpha(1,4)Glc(I). Globosides are the major neutral glycosphingolipid in normal kidneys and erythrocytes." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "globoside metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0006687 ! glycosphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001576 name: globoside biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ceramide with a core structure of GalNAc-beta-(1,3)-Gal-alpha(1,4)Glc(I)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "globoside anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "globoside biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "globoside formation" [] exact_synonym: "globoside synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001575 ! globoside metabolic process is_a: GO:0006688 ! glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001577 name: galectin namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE. A lectin that exhibits calcium independent binding of beta-galactoside sugars." [PMID:9786891] comment: This term was made obsolete because it refers to a class of gene products. To update annotations, consider biological_process term 'heterophilic cell adhesion ; GO:0007157' or its children and molecular_function term 'galactoside binding ; GO:0016936'. exact_synonym: "S-type lectin" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001578 name: microtubule bundle formation namespace: biological_process def: "A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "microtubule bundling" [] is_a: GO:0000226 ! microtubule cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001579 name: medium-chain fatty acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of medium-chain fatty acids into, out of, within or between cells. Medium-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of between 8 and 12 carbons." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0015908 ! fatty acid transport [Term] id: GO:0001580 name: detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of bitter taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "bitter taste detection" [] exact_synonym: "perception of bitter taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of bitter taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050913 ! sensory perception of bitter taste [Term] id: GO:0001581 name: detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of sour taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a sour taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "perception of sour taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sour taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of sour taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of sour taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of sour taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of sour taste" [] exact_synonym: "sour taste detection" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050915 ! sensory perception of sour taste [Term] id: GO:0001582 name: detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of sweet taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a sweet taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "perception of sweet taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sweet taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sweet taste detection" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050916 ! sensory perception of sweet taste [Term] id: GO:0001583 name: detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of salty taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a salty taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "perception of salty taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of salty taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "salty taste detection" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of salty taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of salty taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of salty taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of salty taste" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050914 ! sensory perception of salty taste [Term] id: GO:0001584 name: rhodopsin-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0001620 def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is structurally/functionally related to the rhodopsin receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, IUPHAR:2.1] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "Class A G protein coupled receptor" [] exact_synonym: "Class A G-protein coupled receptor" [] exact_synonym: "Class A GPCR" [] exact_synonym: "class A orphan receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001586 name: 5-HT1 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004993 ! serotonin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001587 name: 5-HT2 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004993 ! serotonin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001588 name: dopamine D1 receptor-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds the neurotransmitter dopamine and activates adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gs." [ISBN:0953351033] is_a: GO:0004952 ! dopamine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001589 name: dopamine D5 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D5 receptors." [IUPHAR:2.1 DA 5] is_a: GO:0001588 ! dopamine D1 receptor-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001590 name: dopamine D1 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D1 receptors." [IUPHAR:21. DA 1] is_a: GO:0001588 ! dopamine D1 receptor-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001591 name: dopamine D2 receptor-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds the neurotransmitter dopamine and inhibits adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gi/Go." [ISBN:0953351033] is_a: GO:0004952 ! dopamine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001592 name: dopamine D3 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D3 receptors." [IUPHAR:2.1 DA 3] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine D2 receptor-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001593 name: dopamine D4 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D4 receptors." [IUPHAR:2.1 DA 4] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine D2 receptor-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001594 name: trace-amine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001595 name: angiotensin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with angiotensin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001596 name: angiotensin type I receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001595 ! angiotensin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001597 name: apelin-like receptor namespace: molecular_function def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because the function it represents does not exist. To update annotations, consider molecular_function term 'apelin receptor binding ; GO:0031704'. exact_synonym: "APJ-like receptor" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001598 name: chemokine receptor-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001599 name: endothelin-A receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that preferentially binds endothelin 1." [IUPHAR:2.1 ET ETA, PMID:8582288] is_a: GO:0004962 ! endothelin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001600 name: endothelin-B receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds all endothelin molecules with approximately equal affinity." [IUPHAR:2.1 ET ETAB, PMID:8582288] is_a: GO:0004962 ! endothelin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001601 name: peptide YY receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with gut peptide YY to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:9315606] is_a: GO:0004983 ! neuropeptide Y receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001602 name: pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with pancreatic polypeptide PP to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:9315606] is_a: GO:0004983 ! neuropeptide Y receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001603 name: vasopressin-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001604 name: urotensin II receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001605 name: adrenomedullin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with adrenomedullin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "G10D receptor" [] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001606 name: GPR37/endothelin B-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001607 name: neuromedin U receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with neuromedin U to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "NMUR activity" [] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity is_a: GO:0042924 ! neuromedin U binding [Term] id: GO:0001608 name: nucleotide receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function def: "A GPCR that binds a nucleotide or nucleotide derivative as its ligand." [GOC:dph, IUPHAR:2.1.NUCT] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled nucleotide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled nucleotide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "nucleotide receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001609 name: adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0008501 exact_synonym: "adenosine receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled adenosine receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "adenosine nucleotide receptor" [] is_a: GO:0045028 ! purinergic nucleotide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001610 name: A1 adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "A1 adenosine receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled A1 adenosine receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled A1 adenosine receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001609 ! adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001611 name: A2A adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "A2A adenosine receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled A2A adenosine receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled A2A adenosine receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001609 ! adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001612 name: A2B adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "A2B adenosine receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled A2B adenosine receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled A2B adenosine receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001609 ! adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001613 name: A3 adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "A3 adenosine receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled A3 adenosine receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled A3 adenosine receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001609 ! adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001614 name: purinergic nucleotide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "purinoceptor" [] narrow_synonym: "P2Y receptor" [] is_a: GO:0016502 ! nucleotide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001615 name: thyrotropin releasing hormone and secretagogue-like receptors activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001616 name: growth hormone secretagogue receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001615 ! thyrotropin releasing hormone and secretagogue-like receptors activity [Term] id: GO:0001617 name: growth hormone secretagogue-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001615 ! thyrotropin releasing hormone and secretagogue-like receptors activity [Term] id: GO:0001618 name: viral receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a virus component to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001619 name: lysosphingolipid and lysophosphatidic acid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with lysosphingolipid or lysophosphatidic acid to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity is_a: GO:0045125 ! bioactive lipid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001621 name: platelet ADP receptor activity namespace: molecular_function narrow_synonym: "K101 receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001622 name: super conserved receptor expressed in brain receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "SREB receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001623 name: Mas proto-oncogene receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001624 name: RDC1 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001625 name: Epstein-Barr Virus-induced receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "EBV-induced receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001626 name: nociceptin/orphanin-FQ receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "ORPH receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001627 name: leucine-rich G-protein receptor-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "leucine-rich G protein receptor-like receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "LGR-like receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001628 name: gastropyloric receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "GPR receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001629 name: G-protein receptor 45-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "G protein receptor 45-like receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "GPR45-like receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001630 name: GP40-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001584 ! rhodopsin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001631 name: cysteinyl leukotriene receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a cysteinyl leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are leukotrienes that contain a peptide moiety based on cysteine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "CysLT receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004974 ! leukotriene receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001632 name: leukotriene B4 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with leukotriene B4, LTB4, to initiate a change in cell activity. Leukotriene B4 is also known as (6Z, 8E, 10E, 14Z)-(5S, 12R)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraen-1-oate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "BLT receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004974 ! leukotriene receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001633 name: secretin-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0001638 def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is structurally/functionally related to the secretin receptor." [IUPHAR:2.2] exact_synonym: "class B G protein coupled receptor" [] exact_synonym: "class B G-protein coupled receptor" [] exact_synonym: "class B GPCR" [] exact_synonym: "class B orphan receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001634 name: pituitary adenylate cyclase activating protein receptor activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0016522 exact_synonym: "PACAP receptor" [] exact_synonym: "pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide receptor" [] exact_synonym: "pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating protein receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001633 ! secretin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001635 name: calcitonin gene-related polypeptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "CGRP receptor" [] is_a: GO:0001633 ! secretin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001636 name: corticotrophin-releasing factor gastric inhibitory peptide-like receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0001633 ! secretin-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001637 name: G-protein chemoattractant receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "G protein chemoattractant receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001639 name: PLC activating metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds glutamate and is linked to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/calcium signaling system." [PMID:9016303] related_synonym: "Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor" [] related_synonym: "group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipase C activating metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0008067 ! metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001640 name: adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds glutamate and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "adenylyl cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0008067 ! metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001641 name: group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is activated by trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (t-ACPD) and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001640 ! adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001642 name: group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is activated by L-AP-4 and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [PMID:9016303] is_a: GO:0001640 ! adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001646 name: cAMP receptor activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0001644 def: "Combining with cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:pg] exact_synonym: "3',5' cAMP receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "3',5'-cAMP receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "cyclic AMP receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "class E G protein coupled receptor" [] broad_synonym: "class E G-protein coupled receptor" [] broad_synonym: "class E GPCR" [] is_a: GO:0016502 ! nucleotide receptor activity is_a: GO:0030552 ! cAMP binding [Term] id: GO:0001647 name: G-protein coupled cytokinin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a cytokinin to initiate a change in cell activity. The receptor is G-protein coupled." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled cytokinin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled cytokinin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity is_a: GO:0009884 ! cytokinin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001648 name: proteinase activated receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001649 name: osteoblast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, the mesodermal cell that gives rise to bone." [GOC:jic, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "osteoblast cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001503 ! ossification [Term] id: GO:0001650 name: fibrillar center namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures." [PMID:10754561] exact_synonym: "fibrillar centre" [] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001651 name: dense fibrillar component namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains newly synthesized preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and a collection of proteins." [PMID:10754561] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001652 name: granular component namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains nearly completed preribosomal particles destined for the cytoplasm." [PMID:10754561] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001653 name: peptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular peptide to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] narrow_synonym: "endogenous peptide receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "exogenous peptide receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity is_a: GO:0042277 ! peptide binding [Term] id: GO:0001654 name: eye development namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0042460 def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight." [GOC:jic, GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0007423 ! sensory organ development [Term] id: GO:0001655 name: urogenital system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the urogenital system over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development [Term] id: GO:0001656 name: metanephros development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus which develops into the kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord." [ISBN:0192800752] is_a: GO:0001822 ! kidney development [Term] id: GO:0001657 name: ureteric bud development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0001656 ! metanephros development [Term] id: GO:0001658 name: ureteric bud branching namespace: biological_process def: "Branching of the ureteric bud." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048754 ! branching morphogenesis of a tube relationship: part_of GO:0001657 ! ureteric bud development [Term] id: GO:0001659 name: thermoregulation namespace: biological_process def: "The processes by which an organism modulates its internal body temperature." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0001660 name: fever namespace: biological_process def: "A rise in body temperature above the normal, often as a response to infection." [GOC:jl] broad_synonym: "pyrexia" [] is_a: GO:0006953 ! acute-phase response is_a: GO:0031649 ! heat generation [Term] id: GO:0001661 name: conditioned taste aversion namespace: biological_process def: "A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus." [GOC:dph, PMID:9920659] is_a: GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior is_a: GO:0008306 ! associative learning [Term] id: GO:0001662 name: behavioral fear response namespace: biological_process def: "An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat." [GOC:dph, PMID:9920659] exact_synonym: "behavioural fear response" [] is_a: GO:0002209 ! behavioral defense response is_a: GO:0042596 ! fear response [Term] id: GO:0001664 name: G-protein-coupled receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a G-protein-coupled receptor." [GOC:ceb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0001665 name: alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + glycano-1,3-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl)-glycoprotein = CMP + glycano-(2,6-alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl)-(N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl)-glycoprotein." [EC:2.4.99.3] xref_analog: EC:2.4.99.3 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.4.99.3-RXN is_a: GO:0008373 ! sialyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001666 name: response to hypoxia namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "response to hypoxic stress" [] exact_synonym: "response to lowered oxygen tension" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0001667 name: ameboidal cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "ameboidal cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "amoeboid cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "amoeboidal cell migration" [] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0001668 name: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidyl inositol-4-phosphate + phosphate." [MGD:ajp] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.- is_a: GO:0004437 ! inositol or phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0042577 ! lipid phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0001669 name: acrosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005764 ! lysosome [Term] id: GO:0001670 name: dopamine D2 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D2 receptors." [IUPHAR:2.1 DA 2] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine D2 receptor-like receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001671 name: ATPase stimulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions to increase the rate of ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:ajp] is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity [Term] id: GO:0001672 name: regulation of chromatin assembly or disassembly namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin assembly or disassembly." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of chromatin assembly/disassembly" [] is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization and biogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0006333 ! chromatin assembly or disassembly [Term] id: GO:0001673 name: male germ cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0043081 def: "The nucleus of a male germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, and its descendents." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "male germ cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] exact_synonym: "male germ-cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "male germ-cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] is_a: GO:0043073 ! germ cell nucleus [Term] id: GO:0001674 name: female germ cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component alt_id: GO:0043080 def: "The nucleus of the female germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, and its descendents." [GOC:hjd, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "female germ cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] exact_synonym: "female germ-cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "female germ-cell nucleus (sensu Animalia)" [] is_a: GO:0043073 ! germ cell nucleus [Term] id: GO:0001675 name: acrosome formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0007286 ! spermatid development [Term] id: GO:0001676 name: long-chain fatty acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving long-chain fatty acids, aliphatic compounds having a terminal carboxyl group and with a chain length of C12-18." [GOC:ajp] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "long-chain fatty acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001677 name: formation of translation initiation ternary complex namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator)." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "formation of translation initiation ternary complex" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0001678 name: cell glucose homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any of the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019725 ! cell homeostasis is_a: GO:0042593 ! glucose homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001680 name: tRNA 3'-terminal CCA addition namespace: biological_process def: "Post-transcriptional addition of the terminal 3' CCA sequence to a tRNA which does not encode this sequence within the primary transcript." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042780 ! tRNA 3'-processing [Term] id: GO:0001681 name: sialate O-acetylesterase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-O-acetylneuraminate (free or glycosidically bound) + H2O = N-acetylneuraminate + acetate." [EC:3.1.1.53, PMID:1991039] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sialate 9(4)-O-acetylesterase" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.53 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SIALATE-O-ACETYLESTERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0008126 ! acetylesterase activity [Term] id: GO:0001682 name: tRNA 5'-leader removal namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of the mature 5'-end of the tRNA, usually via an endonucleolytic cleavage by RNase P." [PMID:11592395] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tRNA 5' leader removal" [] is_a: GO:0008033 ! tRNA processing [Term] id: GO:0001683 name: axonemal dynein heavy chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'axonemal dynein complex ; GO:0005858'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001684 name: axonemal dynein intermediate chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'axonemal dynein complex ; GO:0005858'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001685 name: axonemal dynein intermediate light chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'axonemal dynein complex ; GO:0005858'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001686 name: axonemal dynein light chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'axonemal dynein complex ; GO:0005858'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001687 name: cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'cytoplasmic dynein complex ; GO:0005868'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001688 name: cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'cytoplasmic dynein complex ; GO:0005868'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001689 name: cytoplasmic dynein intermediate light chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'cytoplasmic dynein complex ; GO:0005868'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001690 name: cytoplasmic dynein light chain namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:jl] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'cytoplasmic dynein complex ; GO:0005868'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001691 name: pseudophosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Maintains the phosphorylation state of certain molecules by associating with them and preventing them from associating with active phosphatases, and thus inhibiting the enzyme activity without interacting with the enzyme. Often pertains to proteins belonging to dual-specificity phosphatase family but lacking critical active site residues." [GOC:ajp] is_a: GO:0019212 ! phosphatase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0001692 name: histamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] exact_synonym: "histamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042133 ! neurotransmitter metabolic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001694 name: histamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0001693 def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] exact_synonym: "histamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "histamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "histamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "histamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001692 ! histamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0018130 ! heterocycle biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042136 ! neurotransmitter biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001695 name: histamine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] exact_synonym: "histamine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "histamine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "histamine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0001692 ! histamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042135 ! neurotransmitter catabolic process is_a: GO:0042402 ! biogenic amine catabolic process is_a: GO:0046700 ! heterocycle catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001696 name: gastric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion." [GOC:hjd] narrow_synonym: "hydrochloric acid secretion" [] is_a: GO:0022600 ! digestive process is_a: GO:0046717 ! acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0001697 name: histamine-induced gastric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of gastric acid induced by the interaction of histamine with H2 type receptor receptors with subsequent activation of adenylate cyclase and elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001696 ! gastric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0001698 name: gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of gastric acid induced by the interaction of gastrin with its receptor." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001696 ! gastric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0001699 name: acetylcholine-induced gastric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of gastric acid by parietal cells in response to acetylcholine." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001696 ! gastric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0001700 name: embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through syncytial blastoderm to the hatching of the first instar larva." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "embryonic development (sensu Insecta)" [] is_a: GO:0009792 ! embryonic development ending in birth or egg hatching [Term] id: GO:0001701 name: in utero embryonic development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "embryonic development (sensu Mammalia)" [] is_a: GO:0043009 ! chordate embryonic development [Term] id: GO:0001702 name: gastrulation with mouth forming second namespace: biological_process def: "A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. In Deuterostomes the initial blastopore becomes the anus and the mouth forms second." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "gastrulation (sensu Deuterostomia)" [] is_a: GO:0007369 ! gastrulation [Term] id: GO:0001703 name: gastrulation with mouth forming first namespace: biological_process def: "A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. In Protostomes the initial blastopore becomes the mouth and the anus forms second." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "gastrulation (sensu Protostomia)" [] is_a: GO:0007369 ! gastrulation [Term] id: GO:0001704 name: formation of primary germ layer namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0007369 ! gastrulation [Term] id: GO:0001705 name: ectoderm formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0001704 ! formation of primary germ layer relationship: part_of GO:0007398 ! ectoderm development [Term] id: GO:0001706 name: endoderm formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the endoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0001704 ! formation of primary germ layer relationship: part_of GO:0007492 ! endoderm development [Term] id: GO:0001707 name: mesoderm formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0001704 ! formation of primary germ layer relationship: part_of GO:0048332 ! mesoderm morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001708 name: cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process involved in the specification of cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001709 name: cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process involved in cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001710 name: mesodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the mesoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "mesoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0048333 ! mesodermal cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001711 name: endodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the endoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "endoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001712 name: ectodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the ectoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "ectoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001713 name: ectodermal cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an ectoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "ectoderm cell fate determination" [] is_a: GO:0001709 ! cell fate determination relationship: part_of GO:0001705 ! ectoderm formation relationship: part_of GO:0001712 ! ectodermal cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001714 name: endodermal cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an endoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "endoderm cell fate specification" [] is_a: GO:0001708 ! cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0001711 ! endodermal cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001715 name: ectodermal cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an ectoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "ectoderm cell fate specification" [] is_a: GO:0001708 ! cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0001712 ! ectodermal cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001716 name: L-amino-acid oxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a L-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2." [EC:1.4.3.2] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.4.3.2 xref_analog: MetaCyc:L-AMINO-ACID-OXIDASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016641 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0001717 name: conversion of seryl-tRNAsec to selenocys-tRNAsec namespace: biological_process def: "Process whereby serine carried by a specialized tRNA(ser) (which can read a UGA anticodon) is converted to selenocysteine." [ISBN:155581073X] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019988 ! charged-tRNA modification [Term] id: GO:0001718 name: conversion of met-tRNAf to fmet-tRNA namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby methionine carried by an initiator methionine tRNA is N-formylated." [ISBN:155581073X] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "N-terminal peptidyl-methionine N-formylation" [] is_a: GO:0018004 ! N-terminal protein formylation is_a: GO:0019988 ! charged-tRNA modification relationship: part_of GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0001720 name: conversion of lysyl-tRNA to pyrrolysyl-tRNA namespace: biological_process def: "Process whereby lysine carried by a specialized lysine-accepting tRNA (possessing a CUA anticodon) is converted to pyrrolysine (a lysine with an amide linkage to a (4R,5R)-4-substituted pyrroline-5-carboxylate)." [PMID:12029131, PMID:12029132, PMID:12121639] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019988 ! charged-tRNA modification [Term] id: GO:0001721 name: intermediate filament associated protein namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. Proteins that associate with intermediate filaments and function in the supramolecular organization of cellular intermediate filament networks." [GOC:ajp, PMID:9484600] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'intermediate filament ; GO:0005882'. exact_synonym: "IFAP" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001722 name: type I intermediate filament associated protein namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. Low molecular weight (10-45 kDa) proteins that associate with intermediate filaments by lateral binding of the filaments and have the effect of creating tight macrofilament aggregates." [GOC:ajp, PMID:9484600] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'intermediate filament ; GO:0005882'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001723 name: type II intermediate filament associated protein namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. High molecular weight (100-300 kDa) proteins that associate with intermediate filaments to cross-link them into loose networks." [GOC:ajp, PMID:9484600] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'intermediate filament ; GO:0005882'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001724 name: type III intermediate filament associated protein namespace: cellular_component def: "OBSOLETE. Proteins that associate with the ends of intermediate filaments and couple the intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane." [GOC:ajp, PMID:9484600] comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a single gene product and not a complex. To update annotations, use cellular_component term 'type III intermediate filament ; GO:0045098'. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001725 name: stress fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "Bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts." [ISBN:0124325653] exact_synonym: "stress fibre" [] is_a: GO:0032432 ! actin filament bundle [Term] id: GO:0001726 name: ruffle namespace: cellular_component def: "Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork." [ISBN:0124325653] related_synonym: "membrane ruffle" [] is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection relationship: part_of GO:0031252 ! leading edge [Term] id: GO:0001727 name: lipid kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0001729 name: ceramide kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ceramide = ADP + ceramide 1-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.138] exact_synonym: "acylsphingosine kinase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.138 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CERAMIDE-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0001727 ! lipid kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0001730 name: 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = pppA(2'p5'A)n oligomers. Requires binding of double-stranded RNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Consider also annotating to the molecular function term 'ATP binding ; GO:0005524'. exact_synonym: "(2-5')oligo(A) synthetase" [] exact_synonym: "2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity" [] exact_synonym: "2-5A synthetase" [] exact_synonym: "oligo-2',5'-adenylate synthetase" [] is_a: GO:0016779 ! nucleotidyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001731 name: formation of translation preinitiation complex namespace: biological_process def: "The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA." [GOC:hjd] comment: See also the cellular component terms 'eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex ; GO:0016282', 'eukaryotic 48S initiation complex ; GO:0016283', and their children. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "formation of translation pre-initiation complex" [] exact_synonym: "formation of translation preinitiation complex" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0001732 name: formation of translation initiation complex namespace: biological_process def: "Joining of the large subunit, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "formation of translation initiation complex" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! protein-RNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0001733 name: galactosylceramide sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + a galactosylceramide = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + a galactosylceramidesulfate." [EC:2.8.2.11, PMID:10727929] exact_synonym: "cerebroside sulfotransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "galactosylceramide sulphotransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.11 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GALACTOSYLCERAMIDE-SULFOTRANSFERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0050694 ! galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001734 name: mRNA (N6-adenosine)-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + RRACH = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + RRm6ACH; R = purine, and H = C, A, or U." [GOC:hjd] xref_analog: Reactome:2399 is_a: GO:0008174 ! mRNA methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001735 name: prenylcysteine oxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-prenyl-L-cysteine + O2 + H20 = a prenal + L-cysteine + H202." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "prenylcysteine lyase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.8.3.5 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.8.3.5-RXN is_a: GO:0016670 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, oxygen as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0001736 name: establishment of planar polarity namespace: biological_process def: "Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "establishment of planar cell polarity" [] is_a: GO:0007164 ! establishment of tissue polarity relationship: part_of GO:0001738 ! morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium [Term] id: GO:0001737 name: establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation namespace: biological_process def: "Orientation of hairs in the imaginal disc-derived wing along a proximal-distal axis, such that each cell of the wing produces one wing hair which points in a distal direction." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11239465] exact_synonym: "establishment of wing hair orientation" [] is_a: GO:0001736 ! establishment of planar polarity relationship: part_of GO:0035317 ! imaginal disc-derived wing hair organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001738 name: morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of polarized epithelium are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0002009 ! morphogenesis of an epithelium [Term] id: GO:0001739 name: sex chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A condensed mass of chromatin that represents an inactivated X chromosome." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005720 ! nuclear heterochromatin relationship: part_of GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0001740 name: Barr body namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in a female mammalian cell containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0000805 ! X chromosome is_a: GO:0001739 ! sex chromatin [Term] id: GO:0001741 name: XY body namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in a male mammalian spermatocyte containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001739 ! sex chromatin [Term] id: GO:0001742 name: oenocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oenocyte. Oenocytes are large secretory cells found in clusters underlying the epidermis of larval abdominal segments." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "oenocyte cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001743 name: optic placode formation namespace: biological_process def: "The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of an eye." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001744 name: optic placode formation (sensu Endopterygota) namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007457 def: "Establishment of the optic placode, a thickened area of densely packed ectoderm cells directly overlying the optic vesicle in the early embryo. In Drosophila for example, the placode appears in the dorsolateral region of the head in late stage 11 embryos and is the precursor to the larval visual system. As in, but not restricted to, the Holometabola (Endopterygota, ncbi_taxonomy_id:33392)." [PMID:8402833] exact_synonym: "optic lobe placode development (sensu Drosophila)" [] is_a: GO:0001743 ! optic placode formation relationship: part_of GO:0001748 ! optic placode development (sensu Endopterygota) [Term] id: GO:0001745 name: compound eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the compound eye are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The adult compound eye is a precise assembly of 700-800 ommatidia. Each ommatidia is composed of 20 cells, identified by cell type and position." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "compound eye morphogenesis (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0007455 ! eye-antennal disc morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048749 ! compound eye development [Term] id: GO:0001746 name: Bolwig's organ morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the larval eye in Drosophila are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The larval eye in Drosophila is a relatively simple sensory system composed of Bolwig's organs: two clusters, each composed of 12 photoreceptor cells from which axons extend in a single fascicle to the brain." [http://sdb.bio.purdue.edu/fly/torstoll/tailess.htm#bolwigs, PMID:6185380] is_a: GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0055034 ! Bolwig's organ development [Term] id: GO:0001748 name: optic placode development (sensu Endopterygota) namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0048049 def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the optic placode over time, from its formation to the mature structure. During embryonic stage 12 the placode starts to invaginate, forming a pouch. Cells that will form Bolwig's organ segregate from the ventral lip of this pouch, remaining in the head epidermis. The remainder of the invagination loses contact with the outer surface and becomes the optic lobe. As in, but not restricted to, the Holometabola (Endopterygota, ncbi_taxonomy_id:33392)." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:8402833] exact_synonym: "embryonic eye morphogenesis (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0001750 name: photoreceptor outer segment namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains discs of photoreceptive membranes." [ISBN:0824072820] is_a: GO:0031513 ! nonmotile primary cilium [Term] id: GO:0001751 name: compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an eye photoreceptor cell." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "eye photoreceptor cell differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0001754 ! eye photoreceptor cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001745 ! compound eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001752 name: compound eye photoreceptor fate commitment namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0007459 def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a compound eye photoreceptor cell. A photoreceptor cell is a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation. Different classes of photoreceptor have different spectral sensitivities and express different photosensitive pigments." [GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "eye photoreceptor fate commitment (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "photoreceptor fate commitment (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0042706 ! eye photoreceptor cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0001751 ! compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001753 name: adult eye photoreceptor development (sensu Drosophila) namespace: biological_process def: "OBSOLETE. Development of a photoreceptor, a receptor that responds to light, in the adult Drosophila eye." [GOC:go_curators] comment: This term was made obsolete because eye photoreceptors have completed their development by the time the adult phase begins. To update annotations, consider biological_process term 'compound eye photoreceptor development ; GO:0042051' or its children. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: GO:0001754 name: eye photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, as found in the eye, the primary visual organ of most organisms." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001755 name: neural crest cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0014032 ! neural crest cell development [Term] id: GO:0001756 name: somitogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo." [ISBN:0721662544] is_a: GO:0009952 ! anterior/posterior pattern formation is_a: GO:0035282 ! segmentation relationship: part_of GO:0043009 ! chordate embryonic development [Term] id: GO:0001757 name: somite specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which individual somites establish identity during embryogenesis." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007379 ! segment specification relationship: part_of GO:0001756 ! somitogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001758 name: retinal dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: retinal + NAD+ + H2O = retinoate + NADH. Acts on both 11-trans and 13-cis forms of retinal." [EC:1.2.1.36] xref_analog: EC:1.2.1.36 xref_analog: MetaCyc:RETINAL-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016620 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0001759 name: induction of an organ namespace: biological_process def: "The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes them to change their fates and specify the development of an organ." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0010092 ! specification of organ identity is_a: GO:0031128 ! induction [Term] id: GO:0001760 name: aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-3-(3-oxoprop-2-enyl)-but-2-enedioate = 2-aminomuconate semialdehyde + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.45] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "picolinic acid decarboxylase" [] xref_analog: EC:4.1.1.45 xref_analog: MetaCyc:4.1.1.45-RXN is_a: GO:0016831 ! carboxy-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0001761 name: beta-alanine transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of beta-alanine, 3-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0015175 ! neutral amino acid transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0001762 name: beta-alanine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of beta-alanine, 3-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0015804 ! neutral amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0001763 name: morphogenesis of a branching structure namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes." [ISBN:0721662544] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001764 name: neuron migration namespace: biological_process def: "The characteristic movement of immature neurons from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neuronal migration" [] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons [Term] id: GO:0001765 name: lipid raft formation namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of tightly-packed gel-like membrane microdomains enriched in sphingolipids and cholesterol." [PMID:12648772, PMID:12803918] is_a: GO:0031579 ! lipid raft organization and biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001766 name: lipid raft polarization namespace: biological_process def: "The clustering and aggregation of lipid rafts at a single cellular pole during activation of particular cell types, such as lymphocytes." [PMID:12615889] is_a: GO:0031580 ! lipid raft distribution [Term] id: GO:0001767 name: establishment of lymphocyte polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of lymphocyte signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an appropriate activating cell." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:12615889] exact_synonym: "lymphocyte polarization" [] is_a: GO:0030010 ! establishment of cell polarity relationship: part_of GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001768 name: establishment of T cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of T cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with antigen presenting cell." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:12615889] exact_synonym: "establishment of T lymphocyte polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of T-cell polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of T-lymphocyte polarity" [] exact_synonym: "T cell polarization" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte polarization" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell polarization" [] is_a: GO:0001767 ! establishment of lymphocyte polarity relationship: part_of GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001769 name: establishment of B cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of B cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient of a contact point with an antigen displaying cell." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:12615889, PMID:9692889] comment: Note that 'antigen displaying cell' in this term encompasses cell types such as follicular dendritic cells which display the unprocessed antigens of a B cell, leading to activation of the B cells and antigen uptake and processing by the B cells. exact_synonym: "B cell polarization" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte polarization" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell polarization" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of B lymphocyte polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of B-cell polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of B-lymphocyte polarity" [] is_a: GO:0001767 ! establishment of lymphocyte polarity relationship: part_of GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001770 name: establishment of natural killer cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of natural killer cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with a cell displaying natural killer cell activating ligands." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:12615886, PMID:9759849] exact_synonym: "establishment of NK cell polarity" [] exact_synonym: "natural killer cell polarization" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell polarization" [] is_a: GO:0001767 ! establishment of lymphocyte polarity relationship: part_of GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001771 name: formation of immunological synapse namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of an area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated lipid rafts on both the lymphocyte and target cell, which facilitates activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376330] is_a: GO:0009988 ! cell-cell recognition relationship: part_of GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001772 name: immunological synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated lipid rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376300] exact_synonym: "supramolecular activation cluster" [PMID:14724296] narrow_synonym: "c-SMAC" [PMID:14724296] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0001773 name: myeloid dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001774 name: microglial cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:10626665, PMID:10695728, PMID:12580336, PMID:9893949] is_a: GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0001775 name: cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand." [GOC:mgi_curators] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0001776 name: leukocyte homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system such that the total number of cells of a particular cell type within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term represents the return of immune system cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "immune cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0048872 ! homeostasis of number of cells [Term] id: GO:0001777 name: T cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The non-specific expansion of T cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of T cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "resting T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "resting T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0043029 ! T cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001778 name: plasma membrane repair namespace: biological_process def: "The resealing of a cell plasma membrane after cellular wounding due to, for instance, mechanical stress." [GOC:add, PMID:12925704] is_a: GO:0007009 ! plasma membrane organization and biogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0042060 ! wound healing [Term] id: GO:0001779 name: natural killer cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "NK cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001780 name: neutrophil homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils such that the total number of neutrophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, PMID:12752675, PMID:12960266] comment: Note that this term represents the return of neutrophil levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. is_a: GO:0002262 ! myeloid cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001781 name: neutrophil apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in neutrophils." [GOC:add, PMID:12752675, PMID:12960266] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of neutrophils" [] exact_synonym: "neutrophil programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of neutrophils by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, neutrophils" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0001780 ! neutrophil homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001782 name: B cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells such that the total number of B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12956429] comment: Note that this term represents the return of B cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of B cells required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0002260 ! lymphocyte homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001783 name: B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in B cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B cells" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B-cells" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B-lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "B cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B lymphocytes by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B-cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B-lymphocytes by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B-cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B-lymphocytes" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001784 name: phosphotyrosine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a phosphorylated tyrosine residue within a protein." [PMID:14636584] is_a: GO:0045309 ! protein phosphorylated amino acid binding [Term] id: GO:0001785 name: prostaglandin J receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with prostaglandin J (PGJ(2)), a metabolite of prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:12878180] related_synonym: "PGJ receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PGJ(2) receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004955 ! prostaglandin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001786 name: phosphatidylserine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with phosphatidylserine, a class of glycophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", PMID:12000961] is_a: GO:0005543 ! phospholipid binding [Term] id: GO:0001787 name: natural killer cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The rapid expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "NK cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation is_a: GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0001788 name: antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Cytolysis of target cells by natural killer cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, or macrophages following engagement of antibodies bound to the target cells by Fc receptors on the effector cells." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11677095, PMID:9581795] exact_synonym: "ADCC" [] exact_synonym: "antibody dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "antibody dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "antibody-dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "antibody-dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "type VI hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001794 ! type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001789 name: G-protein signaling, coupled to S1P second messenger (sphingosine kinase activating) namespace: biological_process def: "A G-protein coupled signaling pathway that results in the activation of sphingosine kinase, causing an increase in cellular levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate." [GOC:dph, PMID:14592418] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, coupled to S1P second messenger (sphingosine kinase activating)" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, coupled to S1P second messenger (sphingosine kinase activating)" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, coupled to S1P second messenger (sphingosine kinase activating)" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0001790 name: polymeric immunoglobulin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a J-chain-containing polymeric immunoglobulin of the IgA or IgM isotypes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0001791 name: IgM binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an immunoglobulin of the IgM isotype." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0001792 name: polymeric immunoglobulin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a J-chain-containing polymeric immunoglobulin of the IgA or IgM isotypes via the Fc region to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] broad_synonym: "immunoglobulin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001790 ! polymeric immunoglobulin binding is_a: GO:0019763 ! immunoglobulin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001793 name: IgM receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an immunoglobulin of the IgM isotype via the Fc region to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001791 ! IgM binding is_a: GO:0019763 ! immunoglobulin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001794 name: type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response resulting in cell death mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis or cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that some type IIb hypersensitivity responses (GO:0001795) are referred to simply as type II hypersensitivity in the earlier literature, but are mechanistically distinct from type IIa hypersensitivity. broad_synonym: "type II hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002445 ! type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001795 name: type IIb hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that some type IIa hypersensitivity response (GO:0001794) are referred to simply as type II hypersensitivity in the earlier literature, but are mechanistically distinct from type IIb hypersensitivity. exact_synonym: "type V hypersensitivity" [] broad_synonym: "type II hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002445 ! type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001796 name: regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002892 ! regulation of type II hypersensitivity relationship: part_of GO:0001794 ! type IIa hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001797 name: negative regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001796 ! regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002893 ! negative regulation of type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001798 name: positive regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001796 ! regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002894 ! positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001799 name: regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002892 ! regulation of type II hypersensitivity relationship: part_of GO:0001795 ! type IIb hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001800 name: negative regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001799 ! regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002893 ! negative regulation of type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001801 name: positive regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type IIb hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001799 ! regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002894 ! positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001802 name: type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response resulting from recognition of immune complexes via complement or Fc receptors on effector cells leading to activation of neutrophils and other leukocytes and damage to bystander tissue." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that the Arthus reaction is an example of type III hypersensitivity. is_a: GO:0002444 ! myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001803 name: regulation of type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: part_of GO:0001802 ! type III hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001804 name: negative regulation of type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type III hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001803 ! regulation of type III hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002884 ! negative regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002887 ! negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002890 ! negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001805 name: positive regulation of type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type III hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001803 ! regulation of type III hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002888 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001806 name: type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0016069 def: "An inflammatory response driven by T cell recognition of processed soluble or cell-associated antigens leading to cytokine release and leukocyte activation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "delayed hypersensitivity response" [] exact_synonym: "delayed-type hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001807 name: regulation of type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity relationship: part_of GO:0001806 ! type IV hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001808 name: negative regulation of type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type IV hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001807 ! regulation of type IV hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002710 ! negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002884 ! negative regulation of hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001809 name: positive regulation of type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001807 ! regulation of type IV hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002711 ! positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001810 name: regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: part_of GO:0016068 ! type I hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001811 name: negative regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type I hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001810 ! regulation of type I hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002884 ! negative regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002890 ! negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001812 name: positive regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001810 ! regulation of type I hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001813 name: regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of antibody dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of antibody dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of antibody-dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of antibody-dependent cell killing" [] is_a: GO:0001796 ! regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity relationship: part_of GO:0001788 ! antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001814 name: negative regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antibody dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antibody dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antibody-dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antibody-dependent cell killing" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001797 ! negative regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0001813 ! regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001815 name: positive regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antibody dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antibody dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antibody-dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antibody-dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001798 ! positive regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0001813 ! regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001816 name: cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for use when a gene product is seen to cause apparent increases in intracellular or extracellular cytokine levels, without specific regard as to whether the increase is due to increased biosynthesis, increased secretion of preexisting cytokine molecules, or increased conversion from precursor molecules. is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0001817 name: regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: part_of GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001818 name: negative regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001819 name: positive regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001820 name: serotonin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of serotonin by a cell or group of cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and some immune system cells." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "5-HT secretion" [] exact_synonym: "5-hydroxytryptamine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0001821 name: histamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of histamine by a cell or group of cells. It is formed by decarboxylation of histidine and it acts through receptors in smooth muscle and in secretory systems." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0007269 ! neurotransmitter secretion is_a: GO:0046879 ! hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0001822 name: kidney development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0721662544] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development relationship: part_of GO:0001655 ! urogenital system development [Term] id: GO:0001823 name: mesonephros development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephros is a transient excretory organ of the embryo." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0721662544] is_a: GO:0001822 ! kidney development [Term] id: GO:0001824 name: blastocyst development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS5, embryo ; EMAP:23', 'TS5, inner cell mass ; EMAP:24' and 'TS5, trophectoderm; EMAP:28'. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0001701 ! in utero embryonic development [Term] id: GO:0001825 name: blastocyst formation namespace: biological_process def: "The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology term 'TS3, compacted morula ; EMAP:9'. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0001824 ! blastocyst development [Term] id: GO:0001826 name: inner cell mass cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an inner cell mass cell." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, inner cell mass ; EMAP:14'. is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001825 ! blastocyst formation [Term] id: GO:0001827 name: inner cell mass cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become inner cell mass cells." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, compacted morula ; EMAP:13' and 'TS4, inner cell mass ; EMAP:14'. is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0001826 ! inner cell mass cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001828 name: inner cell mass cellular morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The morphogenesis of cells in the inner cell mass." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, inner cell mass ; EMAP:14' and 'TS5, inner cell mass ; EMAP:24'. is_a: GO:0000904 ! cellular morphogenesis during differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001826 ! inner cell mass cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001829 name: trophectodermal cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a trophectoderm cell." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, trophectoderm ; EMAP:19'. exact_synonym: "trophectoderm cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001825 ! blastocyst formation [Term] id: GO:0001830 name: trophectodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become trophectoderm cells." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, trophectoderm ; EMAP:19'. exact_synonym: "trophectoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0001829 ! trophectodermal cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001831 name: trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The morphogenesis of trophectoderm cells." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, trophectoderm ; EMAP:19', 'TS5, trophectoderm ; EMAP:28' and 'TS6, trophectoderm ; EMAP:39'. exact_synonym: "trophectoderm cellular morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0000904 ! cellular morphogenesis during differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001829 ! trophectodermal cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001832 name: blastocyst growth namespace: biological_process def: "An increase in size of a blastocyst due to expansion of the blastocoelic cavity cell shape changes and cell proliferation." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, blastocoelic cavity ; EMAP:17', 'TS5, blastocoelic cavity ; EMAP:27' and 'TS6, blastocoelic cavity ; EMAP:36'. is_a: GO:0048589 ! developmental growth relationship: part_of GO:0001824 ! blastocyst development [Term] id: GO:0001833 name: inner cell mass cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The proliferation of cells in the inner cell mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, inner cell mass ; EMAP:14' and 'TS5, inner cell mass ; EMAP:24'. is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0001832 ! blastocyst growth [Term] id: GO:0001834 name: trophectodermal cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The proliferation of cells in the trophectoderm." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, trophectoderm ; EMAP:19', 'TS5, trophectoderm ; EMAP:28' and 'TS6, trophectoderm ; EMAP:39'. exact_synonym: "trophectoderm cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0001832 ! blastocyst growth [Term] id: GO:0001835 name: blastocyst hatching namespace: biological_process def: "The hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS4, zona pellucida ; EMAP:22' and 'TS5, embryo ; EMAP:23'. is_a: GO:0035188 ! hatching relationship: part_of GO:0001824 ! blastocyst development [Term] id: GO:0001836 name: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976, PMID:12925707, PMID:9560217] is_a: GO:0008637 ! apoptotic mitochondrial changes [Term] id: GO:0001837 name: epithelial to mesenchymal transition namespace: biological_process def: "A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell." [GOC:dph, PMID:14701881] exact_synonym: "EMT" [] exact_synonym: "epithelial-mesenchymal transition" [] is_a: GO:0014031 ! mesenchymal cell development [Term] id: GO:0001838 name: embryonic epithelial tube formation namespace: biological_process def: "The morphogenesis of an embryonic epithelium into a tube-shaped structure." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0824072820] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium is_a: GO:0035239 ! tube morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001839 name: neural plate morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the neural plate are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The neural plate is a specialized region of columnar epithelial cells in the dorsal ectoderm that will give rise to nervous system tissue." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium [Term] id: GO:0001840 name: neural plate development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932437, ISBN:0878932585] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium relationship: part_of GO:0001839 ! neural plate morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001841 name: neural tube formation namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0001679 def: "The formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "neural tube morphogenesis" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "neurulation" [] is_a: GO:0001838 ! embryonic epithelial tube formation relationship: part_of GO:0001839 ! neural plate morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021915 ! neural tube development [Term] id: GO:0001842 name: neural fold formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the edges of the neural plate thicken and move up to form a U-shaped structure called the neural groove." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium relationship: part_of GO:0014020 ! primary neural tube formation [Term] id: GO:0001843 name: neural tube closure namespace: biological_process def: "The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion relationship: part_of GO:0014020 ! primary neural tube formation [Term] id: GO:0001844 name: protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane during induction of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a protein is incorporated into a mitochondrial membrane as an early step in apoptosis." [GOC:add, PMID:12952892] comment: Note that this term is intended to cover the insertion of pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bax or its homologs into mitochondrial membranes which occurs as an early step in the apoptotic program. exact_synonym: "insertion of proteins into mitochondrial membranes during the induction of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "protein insertion into mitochondrion membrane during induction of apoptosis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:114264 xref_analog: Reactome:139905 xref_analog: Reactome:139909 xref_analog: Reactome:139914 xref_analog: Reactome:139919 xref_analog: Reactome:140216 xref_analog: Reactome:211289 xref_analog: Reactome:211290 xref_analog: Reactome:211292 xref_analog: Reactome:211294 xref_analog: Reactome:211310 xref_analog: Reactome:211313 xref_analog: Reactome:221100 xref_analog: Reactome:221101 xref_analog: Reactome:221103 xref_analog: Reactome:221105 xref_analog: Reactome:221120 xref_analog: Reactome:229760 xref_analog: Reactome:229762 xref_analog: Reactome:237763 xref_analog: Reactome:237765 is_a: GO:0008637 ! apoptotic mitochondrial changes is_a: GO:0051204 ! protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane relationship: part_of GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001845 name: phagolysosome formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, fuses with a lysosome." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "late phagosome biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "late phagosome formation" [] is_a: GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0001846 name: opsonin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an opsonin, such as a complement component or antibody, deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that an opsonin is a blood serum protein or fragment which when deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material acts a signal for phagocytosis to cells bearing the appropriate receptors. Not all complement components or fragments and not all antibodies have opsonic properties. is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001847 name: opsonin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an opsonin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001848 name: complement binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component or product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that the complement cascade includes all of the components involved in the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin complement pathway, as well as the common components of all three pathways. is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001849 name: complement component C1q binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C1q component of the classical complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001850 name: complement component C3a binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C3a product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001851 name: complement component C3b binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C3b product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001852 name: complement component iC3b binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the iC3b product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001853 name: complement component C3dg binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C3dg product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001854 name: complement component C3d binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C3d product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001855 name: complement component C4b binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C4b product of the classical complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001856 name: complement component C5a binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C5a product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001857 name: complement component C1q receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C1q component of the classical complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001847 ! opsonin receptor activity is_a: GO:0001849 ! complement component C1q binding is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001858 name: complement component iC3b receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the iC3b product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001847 ! opsonin receptor activity is_a: GO:0001852 ! complement component iC3b binding is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001859 name: complement component C3dg receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C3dg product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001860 name: complement component C3d receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C3d product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001861 name: complement component C4b receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C4b product of the classical complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001847 ! opsonin receptor activity is_a: GO:0001855 ! complement component C4b binding is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001862 name: collectin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a collectin, a member of a group of structurally related pattern recognition molecules characterized by having a carbohydrate recognition domain of the C-type lectin family at the C-terminus and a collagenous domain at the N-terminus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that collectins include such proteins as mannose-binding lectins (MBL) and surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D). is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding [Term] id: GO:0001863 name: collectin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a collectin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that collectins include such proteins as mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D). is_a: GO:0001847 ! opsonin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001864 name: pentraxin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a pentraxin, a member of a family of inflammatory proteins with a radially symmetric arrangement of five identical, noncovalently linked chains in a pentagonal array." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that pentraxins include such proteins as serum amyloid P component (SAP) and C-reactive protein (CRP). is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding [Term] id: GO:0001865 name: NK T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic stem cell acquires the specialized features of a NK T cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:10704459] comment: Note that NK T cells are a distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments. exact_synonym: "natural killer T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "natural T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NKT cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "NT cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001866 name: NK T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a NK T cell population by cell division." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:10704459] comment: Note that NK T cells are a distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments. exact_synonym: "natural killer T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "natural T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NKT cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NT cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0046633 ! alpha-beta T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0001867 name: complement activation, lectin pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Processes involved in the activation of any of the steps of the lectin pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that proteins such as mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and certain serum ficolins can activate the lectin complement pathway. xref_analog: Reactome:166662 xref_analog: Reactome:211612 xref_analog: Reactome:221386 xref_analog: Reactome:230022 is_a: GO:0006956 ! complement activation is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0001868 name: regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the lectin pathway of complement activation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0030449 ! regulation of complement activation relationship: part_of GO:0001867 ! complement activation, lectin pathway [Term] id: GO:0001869 name: negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of complement activation by the lectin pathway." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] is_a: GO:0001868 ! regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway is_a: GO:0045916 ! negative regulation of complement activation [Term] id: GO:0001870 name: positive regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the lectin pathway." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of complement activation, lectin pathway" [] is_a: GO:0001868 ! regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway is_a: GO:0045917 ! positive regulation of complement activation [Term] id: GO:0001871 name: pattern binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a repeating or polymeric structure, such as a polysaccharide or peptidoglycan." [PMID:12072369, PMID:12225919, PMID:12507420, PMID:12925128, PMID:14523544] comment: Note that this term and its child terms are intended for annotation of gene products which function to recognize (bind) the repeating structural units such as polysaccharides or peptidoglycans commonly found in microbial cell walls and virions. If such binding is coupled to signal transduction, use 'pattern recognition receptor activity ; GO:0008329' instead. subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "pattern recognition activity" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0001872 name: zymosan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with zymosan." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0030247 ! polysaccharide binding [Term] id: GO:0001873 name: polysaccharide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a polysaccharide to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0008329 ! pattern recognition receptor activity is_a: GO:0030247 ! polysaccharide binding [Term] id: GO:0001874 name: zymosan receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with zymosan to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0001872 ! zymosan binding is_a: GO:0001873 ! polysaccharide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001875 name: lipopolysaccharide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with lipopolysaccharide to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14609719] exact_synonym: "LPS receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "endotoxin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001530 ! lipopolysaccharide binding is_a: GO:0008329 ! pattern recognition receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001876 name: lipoarabinomannan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with lipoarabinomannan." [PMID:10586073] exact_synonym: "LAM binding" [] is_a: GO:0001871 ! pattern binding [Term] id: GO:0001877 name: lipoarabinomannan receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with lipoarabinomannan to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:10586073] exact_synonym: "LAM receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001876 ! lipoarabinomannan binding is_a: GO:0008329 ! pattern recognition receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001878 name: response to yeast namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0009620 ! response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0001879 name: detection of yeast namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a yeast is received and converted into a molecular signal." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0001878 ! response to yeast is_a: GO:0016046 ! detection of fungus [Term] id: GO:0001880 name: Mullerian duct regression namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the Mullerian ducts, primordia of the oviducts, uterus and upper vagina, undergo regression in male embryos." [GOC:dph, PMID:12368913] is_a: GO:0060033 ! anatomical structure regression relationship: part_of GO:0046661 ! male sex differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001881 name: receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which receptor molecules are returned to an active state and in an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0043112 ! receptor metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0001882 name: nucleoside binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0001883 name: purine nucleoside binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a purine nucleoside." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001882 ! nucleoside binding [Term] id: GO:0001884 name: pyrimidine nucleoside binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with pyrimidine nucleoside." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001882 ! nucleoside binding [Term] id: GO:0001885 name: endothelial cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of an endothelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development relationship: part_of GO:0045446 ! endothelial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001886 name: endothelial cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during the differentiation of an endothelial cell." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0000904 ! cellular morphogenesis during differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001885 ! endothelial cell development [Term] id: GO:0001887 name: selenium metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element selenium or compounds that contain selenium, such as selenocysteine." [PMID:12730456] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "selenium metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001888 name: glucuronyl-galactosyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1,3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-beta-D-xylosyl-proteoglycan = UDP + alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1,3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-beta-D-xylosyl-proteoglycan." [EC:2.4.1.223] exact_synonym: "alpha-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I" [] exact_synonym: "glucuronosylgalactosyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.223 is_a: GO:0008375 ! acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001889 name: liver development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0001890 name: placenta development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary"] exact_synonym: "placental development" [] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0001891 name: phagocytic cup namespace: cellular_component def: "An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome." [PMID:10358769] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0001892 name: embryonic placenta development namespace: biological_process def: "The embryonically driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0001890 ! placenta development relationship: part_of GO:0001701 ! in utero embryonic development [Term] id: GO:0001893 name: maternal placenta development namespace: biological_process def: "Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0001890 ! placenta development [Term] id: GO:0001894 name: tissue homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any of the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function." [GOC:add, GOC:isa_complete] narrow_synonym: "tissue maintenance" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process relationship: part_of GO:0048871 ! multicellular organismal homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001895 name: retinal homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any of the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function." [GOC:add, PMID:15365173, PMID:15365178] is_a: GO:0001894 ! tissue homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001896 name: autolysis namespace: biological_process def: "The spontaneous death by lysis of bacteria in response to environmental conditions." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019835 ! cytolysis [Term] id: GO:0001897 name: cytolysis by symbiont of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "The killing by an organism of a cell in its host organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytolysis by organism of host cells" [] is_a: GO:0001907 ! killing by symbiont of host cells is_a: GO:0051801 ! cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction is_a: GO:0052025 ! modification by symbiont of host cell membrane [Term] id: GO:0001898 name: regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by that organism of cells in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051802 ! regulation of cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction relationship: part_of GO:0001897 ! cytolysis by symbiont of host cells [Term] id: GO:0001899 name: negative regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] is_a: GO:0001898 ! regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells is_a: GO:0051803 ! negative regulation of cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0001900 name: positive regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells" [] is_a: GO:0001898 ! regulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells is_a: GO:0051804 ! positive regulation of cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0001905 name: activation of membrane attack complex namespace: biological_process def: "The activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade which can result in death of a target cell through cytolysis." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "activation of MAC" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of TCC" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of the terminal complement cascade" [] is_a: GO:0006956 ! complement activation is_a: GO:0019835 ! cytolysis [Term] id: GO:0001906 name: cell killing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism that results in the killing of its own cells or those of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "necrosis" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0001907 name: killing by symbiont of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044004 ! disruption by symbiont of host cells is_a: GO:0051883 ! killing of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0001909 name: leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed killing of a target cell by a leukocyte." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. Note that this term and its children describe contact-dependent killing of target cells by lymphocytes and myeloid cells of the immune system. exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001906 ! cell killing is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0001910 name: regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0031341 ! regulation of cell killing relationship: part_of GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001911 name: negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001912 name: positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001913 name: T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed killing of a target cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] comment: Note that either or both mechanisms mentioned in the definition may be used in this process. Note that both granule release and the engagement of death receptors on target cells result in the induction of apoptosis in the target cell. Note that both CD4 and CD8 positive T cells can mediate apoptosis of target cells, independently of their definition as 'helper' T cells or not. related_synonym: "T cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001914 name: regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity relationship: part_of GO:0001913 ! T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001915 name: negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001911 ! negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0001914 ! regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001916 name: positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001912 ! positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0001914 ! regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001917 name: photoreceptor inner segment namespace: cellular_component def: "The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs." [GOC:add, PMID:12019563] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0001918 name: farnesylated protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a farnesylated protein." [GOC:add, PMID:14555765] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001919 name: regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0001881 ! receptor recycling [Term] id: GO:0001920 name: negative regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of receptor recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001919 ! regulation of receptor recycling is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0001921 name: positive regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of receptor recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001919 ! regulation of receptor recycling is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0001922 name: B-1 B cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells of the B-1 subset such that the total number of B-1 B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term represents the return of B-1 B cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response, as well as the proliferation and elimination of B-1 B cells in a organism required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "B-1 B lymphocyte homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-lymphocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0001782 ! B cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001923 name: B-1 B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a hemopoietic stem cell acquires the specialized features of a B-1 B cell. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "B-1 B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002335 ! mature B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001924 name: regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B-1 B cell differentiation. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-1 B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-1 B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-1 B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: part_of GO:0001923 ! B-1 B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001925 name: negative regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of B-1 B cell differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-1 B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-1 B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-1 B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0001924 ! regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001926 name: positive regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B-1 B cell differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-1 B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-1 B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-1 B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B-1 B cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0001924 ! regulation of B-1 B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001927 name: exocyst assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation and bonding together of various polypeptides into the exocyst complex." [GOC:hjd, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exocyst] is_a: GO:0006904 ! vesicle docking during exocytosis is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006903 ! vesicle targeting [Term] id: GO:0001928 name: regulation of exocyst assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocyst assembly." [GOC:hjd] comment: Note that the assembly is regulated by several small GTPases of the Rab and Rho families. is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: part_of GO:0001927 ! exocyst assembly relationship: part_of GO:0043254 ! regulation of protein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0001929 name: negative regulation of exocyst assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of exocyst assembly." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "down regulation of exocyst assembly" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of exocyst assembly" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of exocyst assembly" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of exocyst assembly" [] is_a: GO:0001928 ! regulation of exocyst assembly is_a: GO:0031333 ! negative regulation of protein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0001930 name: positive regulation of exocyst assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate or extent of exocyst assembly." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "up regulation of exocyst assembly" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of exocyst assembly" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of exocyst assembly" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of exocyst assembly" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of exocyst assembly" [] is_a: GO:0001928 ! regulation of exocyst assembly is_a: GO:0031334 ! positive regulation of protein com